Ionic bonding

• Ionic Bonding


  The attraction of oppositely charged ions to each other
• Ionic bonds


  • Formed between metal and non-metal elements
  • Formed by the transfer of oppositely charged electrons from a metal into a non-metal
  • Create a force of attraction between a metal positive ion and a non-metal negative ion
• Metal elements


  • Form positive ions by losing electrons and becoming more positive
  • Become stable when they have a full outer shell of electrons (like a noble gas)
• Non-metal elements


  • Form negative ions by gaining electrons and becoming more negative
  • Become stable when they have a full outer shell of electrons (like a noble gas)
• Lons


  Charged particles that can have a positive or negative charge
• Formation of ions


  1. Opposites attract

  2. Oppositely charged electrons are transferred from a metal into a non-metal

  3. Metal elements lose electrons and become positive ions

  4. Non-metal elements gain electrons and become negative ions

  5. Atoms become stable when they have a full outer shell of electrons (like a noble gas)
• Ionic bonding


  The attractive force between oppositely charged ions
• Ionic lattice


  A structure formed by oppositely charged ions held together by ionic bonds
• Ionic compounds form lattice structures of oppositely charged ions with each positive ion surrounded by negative ions and each negative ion surrounded by positive ions
• Ionic lattices


  • Salid
  • トートート
  • bater
• Ionic lattices are strong at room temperature
• Ionic lattices are strong


  They require a great deal of energy to break and result in a melt being formed
• Many ionic compounds are soluble in water
• When ionic solids dissolve in water

  1. The lattice structure breaks up

  2. Water molecules surround the separated ions

  3. The ions are now free allowing conduction to occur
• Conduction


  The ability to transmit electricity
• Ionic solids are tightly held together by ionic bonds in an ionic lattice structure
• Ionic solid is soluble

  Small water molecules can get in between the ions and start to break the lattice down
• Eventually, the lattice will have broken down and an ionic solution will have formed
• The ions are now free allowing conduction to occur as they are moving