Q1.

• Formal Social control

  • warnings from the police
  • dismissal from work
  • school exclusion
  • written punishments
• Formal mechanisms of social control

  • explicit and obvious
  • workplace
  • religion
  • military
  • justice system
  • police
  • courts
• Informal social control

  • parental disapproval
  • celebrities being criticised in the media
  • social exclusion, eg. from a friend group
• Informal mechanisms of social control

  • parents/family
  • peer groups/friends
  • the public
• Primary socialisation

  • in the home
  • during infancy, childhood and early adolescence
  • builds identity
• Secondary Socialisation

  • an individual learns norms and values
  • influence of school/work
• Formal Agencies

  institutions which are set up by society which aim to make knowledge in a particular time and a structured environment
• Informal Agencies

  institutions which use educative influence on individuals indirectly throughout their life
• intercultural diversity

  between cultures
• intracultural diversity

  within cultures
• conflict theory

  in most societies there are social inequalities between different social groups
• subculture

  a culture within a culture
• deviance

  go against norms and values
• consensus theory

  societies work best when they have similar norms and values
• cultural hybridity

  the merging of cultures, eg. music, fashion, and food
• high culture

  • upper class
  • exclusive
  • eg. ballet, operas, live theatre, classical music
• popular culture

  • majority of the population
  • accessible
  • popular trends
  • eg. TV, food and drink, chart music
• global culture

  • global influences
  • trends
  • eg. brands, food, films
• consumer culture

  • social status
  • values
  • activities are centred on the purchase and consumption of goods and services
• globalisation

  interconnection and global influence between countries