photosynthesis

• Describe photolysis

  Chlorophyll absorbs light energy

  Light energy splits water into hydrogen and oxygen

  Hydrogen combined with a hydrogen accepter

  Light energy converts to chemical energy (ATP) and taken to 2nd stage
• What are the limiting factors of photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide concentration

  Light intenesity

  Temperature
• Describe fermentation in yeast cells

  Glucose is broken down into Pyruvate

  Pyruvate is broken down into ethanol/alcohol and carbon dioxide

  2 ATP produced overall (from glycolysis)

  Yeast ferment glucose
• Describe fermentation in animal cells

  Glucose is broken down into Pyruvate

  pyruvate is converted into lactic acid which can cause muscle fatigue

  When oxygen debt is repaid latin acid is converted back into pyruvate

  Occurs in cytoplasm
• Describe carbon fixation

  Carbon dioxide enters by diffusion

  Hydrogen combines with CO2 using energy from ATP

  Glucose is produced
• What is carbon fixation?

  2nd stage of photosynthesis
• where does carbon fixation occur?

  chloroplast
• is carbon fixation light dependent?

  no
• what happens to oxygen in photolysis?

  released as a waste product
• in photolysis, what is taken to the second stage?

  hydrogen and ATP
• the raw materials of photosynthesis are carbon dioxide and water
• glucose is a carbohydrate
• plants need chlorophyll, light, water and carbon dioxide to carry out photosynthesis
• we can measure the rate of photosynthesis by:

  number of oxygen bubbles

  mass of glucose
• describe the energy change that takes place during the first stage of photosynthesis

  light to chemical energy