theories only
Cards (48)
- need for sexual and emotional bonding
- aggressive drive
- human being's basic drive
- person's conscious efforts to balance innate pleasure-seeking drives with demands of society
- cultural values and norms internalized by individual
- the world is bewildering assortment of PHYSICAL SENSATIONS that bring either PLEASURE or PAIN
- child learns MORAL CONCEPTS of rRIGHT & WRONG, they feel good or bad accdg to how they judge their behavior against cultural norms
- id and superego remain in conflict, but in a well-adjusted person, these opposing forces can be managed with the help of this
- if _____ are not resolved during childhood, Freud claims that they may surface as PERSONALITY DISORDERS later on
- _____, in the form of superego REPRESSES selfish demands, forcing ppl to look beyond their own desires
- often the competing demands of self and society results in a compromise that Freud calls as ____
- what redirects selfish drives into socially acceptable behavior?
- ex of sublimation: _____ makes satisfaction of sexual urges as socially acceptable
- ex of sublimation: competitive ____ are outlet for aggression
- swiss psychologist who studied human COGNITION
- refers to how people think and understand
- as piaget watched his own 3 children grow, he wondered not just what they knew but also how they made sense of the world and proposed this theory
- level of human development at w/c indivs experience world only through their SENSES
- level of human dev't at w/c indivs first use language & other symbols
- level of human dev't at w/c indiv first see casual connections in their surroundings
- level of human dev't at w/c indivd think abstractly & critically
- he built on Piaget's work to study moral reasoning
- refers to how indivs judge situation as right or wrong
- Kohlberg's moral reasoning of development that occurs in stages
- equivalent to Piaget's sensorimotor stage
- at this early stage, rightness amounts to what feels good to me
- equivalent to piaget's formal operational stage
- at this point, young ppl lose some of their selfishness as they learn to define what is right and wrong in the terms of what pleases parents and conforms to cultural norms. indivs at this stage begins to assess intention in reaching moral judgment instead of simply looking at what ppl do
- ppl move beyond their society's norm to consider abstract ethical principles (e.g., liberty, freedom, justice; arguing what is legal may still not be morally right)
- her approach is highlighted in Thinking about Diversity box, she compared moral dev't of girls and boys and concluded that 2 sexes use diff. standards of rightness
- boys rely on formal rules to define what is right and wrong
- girls judge a situation with an eye toward personal relationships and loyalties
- what is carol gilligan's theory?
- gradually studies personality and mental disorders
- what theory did freud developed?
- freud claimed that _____ plays a major part in human devt, although not in terms of specific instincts, as in the case of other species
- freud theorized that humans have how many basic needs or drives that are present at birth?
- these opposing forces of drives accdg to freud is operating at an _____ level and create deeper tension
- although some analysts including Freud point to childhood as crucial time when personality takes shape, he took a broader view of socialization. who is he?
- theory of Erikson where he explained that we face challenges throughout life course