Philpolgov

• Politics


  The activity through which people make, preserve and amend the general rules under which they live
• Aristotle: 'Man by nature is a political animal'
• Politics as Art of the Government and State


  Concerned about governmental structure, institutions, and processes
• Politics as Public Affairs


  Refers to matters revolving around the polis as a political community and the government as its tool to impose its will
• Man desires to participate in public affairs, all matters revolving around the polis where man lives
• All matters considered as private (personal) are not under the realm of politics
• Governmental policies may affect the private sphere of society
• Politics as Compromise and Consensus

  A tool for society to resolve conflicts through compromise, negotiation, and reconsideration to achieve consensus
• The Philippine government under President Benigno Simeon Aquino III and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front signed the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro in 2014 after 17 years of negotiations
• The agreement focuses on the process of conciliation and deflects the idea of resolving conflict through coercion
• Politics as Distribution of Resources


  About the determination of the proper utilization and allocation of scarce resources in society
• Politics involves questions about who gets what, when, and how in society
• It involves who receives benefits, rewards, and advantages, when they receive them, and the methods by which they receive them
• Politics as Power

  Politics is about being able to acquire an aspired result, whatever means necessary
• Humans have conflicting desires and aspirations in life, so as the methods in achieving them
• In order to resolve conflicts, one side should 'obtain power' to prevail over the other
• Levels of the political community

  • Personal level
  • Community level
• Politics


  The nature of resolving conflicts by obtaining power
• Levels of the political community

  • Personal level
  • Community level
  • National level
  • International level
• Levels of the political community

  • Personal level: Settling conflicts between friends arguing where to eat dinner
  • Community level: City ordinances passed to regulate illegal use of vaccination cards
  • National level: Presidential elections that happen every six years
  • International level: Signing the Paris Climate Accord in the United Nations assembly
• Philippine Politics takes place in an organized framework of a presidential, representative, and democratic republic
• Branches of Philippine Politics

  • Legislative branch (the law-making body, Article VI, 1987 Philippine Constitution)
  • Executive branch (the law-enforcing body, Article VII, 1987 Philippine Constitution)
  • Judicial branch (the law-interpreting body, Article VIII, 1987 Philippine Constitution)
• Politics includes decision-making and decision-enforcing processes in any group that makes and enforces rules for its members
• Political Science


  The study of politics and power from domestic, international, and comparative perspectives
• Political Science entails understanding political ideas, ideologies, institutions, policies, processes, behavior, as well as groups, classes, government, diplomacy, law, strategy, and war
• Approaches to the study of Political Science

  • Traditional
  • Behavioral
• Traditional Approach


  Valued based and emphasizes the inclusion of values to the study of political phenomena
• Behavioral Approach


  Shifts emphasis from the study of state and government to the day-to-day problems, activities, and behavior of individuals and groups
• Characteristics of Traditional Approach

  • Largely normative and stresses on the values of politics
  • Emphasis on the study of different political structures and institutions
  • Made very little attempt to relate theory and research
  • Believes that studies in political science can never be scientific due to the close link between facts and values
• Forms of Traditional Approach

  • Philosophical
  • Historical
  • Institutional
  • Legal
• Characteristics of Behavioral Approach

  • Regularities in human behavior can be generalized and formulated in a systematic theory
• Characteristics of Behavioral Approach

  • Regularities
  • Verification
  • Techniques
  • Quantification
  • Values
  • Systematization
  • Pure Science
  • Integration
  • Relationship with other social sciences
• Verification


  Includes testing and verifying everything. What cannot be verified is not scientific
• Techniques


  Put emphasis on the use of research tools and methods which generate valid, reliable and comparative data
• Quantification


  Precision in the recording of data and the statement of findings require measurement and quantification. The use of mathematical and statistical methods of data analysis has to be made
• Values


  Believes that to do objective research one has to be value-free
• Systematization


  Research in Political Science must be systematic. Theory and research should go together
• Pure Science


  Believes that the study of Political Science should be verified by evidence
• Integration


  Political science should not be separated from various other social sciences like history, sociology, economics, etc
• Relationship with other social sciences

  • History
  • Economics
  • Geography
  • Sociology & Anthropology
  • Psychology
  • Philosophy
  • Statistics & Logics
  • Jurisprudence