bowlbys theory

• Montropy

  It is a particular attachment to one caregiver and can be seen as more important and different than the other attachments a baby has and this attachment is mainly with the primary attachment figure. But it isn't different in the sense of the key qualities of attachment.
• Social releasers and the critical period

  Critical period ‘sensitive period’ starts around the age of 6 months and ends at around years, after this it will be difficult to form an attachment with the baby. Social releasers are innate cute behaviours that a baby exhibits such as cooing and smiling to elicit interaction from a caregiver 
• Internal working model

  Internal working model is a generational flow of behaviours. It represents the relationship between caregiver and baby. If the caregiver had a poor attachment with their parents when they were a child then they were highly likely to have a poor attachment and relationship with their own child. It is highly likely that it will affect their future relationships and parenting techniques. 

  Adaptation 

  Adaptation is where both baby and caregiver adapt to increase the chance of survival.
• Limitation validity of monotropy is challenged. Schaffer and Emerson 1964 found most babies did attach to one person in particular at first, but then later on m lost of them formed multiple attachments. Even though the fist attachment does appear to be a particularly strong influence on later behaviour it may simply mean it is stronger, but not different in quality from the child's other attachments. Other attachments to other family members provide all of the same key qualities. Means that Bowlby may be incorrect that there is a unique quality & importance of the child's first attachment.
• Strength evidence supporting the role of social releasers by eliciting interaction from caregivers. Brazelton 1975 observed babies trigger interaction with adults using social releasers. Researchers then instructed babies PAF to ignore the babies social releasers leading to the babies showing signs of distress and some lay curled up motionless. Suggesting social releasers is an important process to form an attachment.
• Strength support for the IWM as it predicts patterns of attachment will be passed on from each generation. Bailey 2007 assessed the attachment relationship of 99 mothers and babies. Researchers measured the attachment with their own parents. Researchers also assessed the quality of attachment between them and their baby. Found that mothers with poor attachment to their parents had a chance of poorly attached babies. Means that mothers ability to form attachment to babies is influenced by the IWM.
•  But there are probably more important influences, some psychologists believe that there may be genetic differences in anxiety and sociability that affect social behaviour which could affect parenting ability Kornienko 2016. Means that the IWM was overstated in social behaviour and parenting.