21st Century Literature

• the term literature is derived from the latin word "littera" which means "a letter of the alphabet".
• poetry


  written verse, stanzas, rhyme scheme, and lines
• prose


  grammar, sentence

  • essay
• the product of written literature are called literary text
• characteristics of literary text


  it narrates a story; it expresses feelings, thoughts, and ideas; it delivers significant information and crosses boundaries of time
• literary structure


  this refers to the organizational method used in literature
• most common type of organizational method


  narrative
• 2 major forms of literature


  poetry and narrative poetry (narrator)
• poetry


  this is written in lines and is characterized by having the element of rhythm, sound, imagery, and form.
• narrative poetry (narrator)


  this poetry tells a story and has the elements of narrative.
• monologue 


  a speech delivered by an individual in a dramatic performance
• soliloquy 


  involves a character speaking his thoughts to himself, he is not directly speaking to anyone.
• lyric poetry 


  this is the most common type of poetry that focuses on feelings rather than telling a story
• sonnet


  commonly composed of 14 lines
• petrarchan sonnet


  italian sonnet
• english 


  shakespearean sonnet
• elegy


  mainly laments the death of a person (funeral)
• odes


  this is an elaborately structured poems praising or glorifying an event or individuals
• octave


  8 lines
• sestet


  6 lines
• 2 lines


  couplet
• this is shorter than a novel but longer than novella

  short story
• alliteration 


  initial sound
• assonance 


  repetition of vowel
• consonance


  repetition of consonant
• hyperbole


  exaggerate
• this is from the spanish colonization


  corrido, awit, pasyon, and cenakulo/senakulo
• corrido


  it is a metrical romance and contains 8 syllables. this has long verse narratives on chivalric-heroic, religious, legendary, and folkloric themes
• awit


  a heroic-chivalric narrative poem, this has 12 syllables.
• pasyon


  narrative poem on the life of christ was chanted during the Lenten season
• cenakulo/senakulo


  traditional filipino dramatization of the life and times of Jesus Christ. this is done in singing (pasyon) and recitation
• japanese period


  golden period for short stories and tagalog drama
• liwayway


  leading tagalog weekly magazine
• illustrated novel


  50% of the narrative is presented without words
• this is an example of illustrated novel


  the invention hugo cabret by brian selznick; the arrival by shawn tan
• digi-fiction


  triple media literature
• this is an example of digi-fiction 


  skeleton creek by patrick carman; level 26 by anthony p zuiker
• graphic novel


  narrative in a comic book format
• archie comics by john goldwater


  this are an example of graphic novel
• manga


  this is the japanese word for comics, this is also considered as an artistic and storytelling style