Glycolysis

• Glycolysis involves the splitting of one molecule of glucose into two smaller molecules of pyruvate.
• Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of cells.
• Glycolysis is the first stage of both aerobic and anerobic respiration and doesn't need oxygen to take place.
• First, APT is used to phosphrylate glucose to triose phosphate which is then oxidised, releasing ATP.
• Glycolysis has a net gain of 2 ATP
• Glucose is originally phosphorylated by adding 2 phosphates from 2 molecules of ATP (which become ADP)
• Once glucose is phosphorylated one molecule of hexose bisphosphate is made.
• Hexose bisphosphate is split into 2 molecules of triose phosphate which then loses hydrogen forming 2 molecules of pyruvate.
• NAD collects the hydrogen ions from the oxidation of triose phosphate to form reduced NAD.
• 4 ATP is produced, but 2 were used up in stage 1 so there is a net gain of 2 ATP.