Lead Training

• What is a Lead-Based Paint Inspection?

  A surface by surface investigation to determine the presence of lead based paint and the provision of a report explaining the results of the investigation
• What is a Risk Assessment?

  An onsite investigation of a residential dwelling to determine the existence, nature, severity, and location of LBP hazards. Risk assessments, which must be conducted by a certified risk assessor, include an investigation of the age, history, management, and maintenance of the dwelling, and the number of children under age 6 and women of childbearing age who are residents; a visual assessment, limited randomized environmental sampling and preparation of a report identifying abatement and interim control options based on specific conditions. HUD's Lead Safe Housing Rule requires risk assessments for certain types and amounts of HUD assistance; in these cases, a risk assessment must be no more than 12 months old to be considered current.
• What is a Lead-Based Paint Inspector?

  An individual who has successfully completed training for an accredited program and been licensed or certified by the appropriate State or local agency to:

  1.) Perform inspections to determine and report the presence of LBP on a surface by surface basis through onsite testing

  2.) Report the findings of such an inspection

  3.) Collect environmental samples for laboratory analysis

  perform clearance testing and optionally

  4.) Document successful compliance with LBP hazard control requirements or standards
• What is the difference between an inspection and a risk assessment?

  An inspection measures LBP concentrations while risk assessments measure LBP hazards
• What is a Risk Assessor?

  A certified individual who has successfully completed LBP hazard risk assessment training with an accredited training program and who has been certified to:

  1.) perform risk assessments

  2.) identify acceptable abatement and interim control strategies for reducing identified LBP hazards

  3.) perform clearance testing and reevaluations and

  4.) document the successful completion of LBP hazard control activities
• What are the roles of a risk assessor?

  1.) Determine and then report the existence, nature, severity, and location of LBP hazards in residential dwellings through an onsite investigation

  2.) Provide some advice on how an owner can go about solving any problems identified and some idea of how much each solution will cost
• What are the responsibilities of a risk assessor?

  1.) Do a thorough job, limit the hazard identification to the date of the field visit in the report and cite recognized state of the art procedures

  2.) Responsibility to both the owner (client) and to the public. Must determine what the owner really needs and will be able to afford
• What PPE will a risk assessor use?

  1.) gloves

  2.) booties

  3.) facemask (if on a job site)

  4.) respiratory ( may be required by OSHA lead regulations in certain situations)
• Define Accredited Training Provider

  A training provider who meets the standards established by EPA (or an EPA-authorized State or Tribe) for the training of risk assessors, inspectors, abatement supervisors, abatement workers, renovators, and dust sampling technicians
• Define Room Equivalent


  1.) an identifiable part of a residence such as a room, house exterior, a foyer, staircase, hallway or an exterior area

  2.) to be considered a separate room, the room must be separated from adjoining rooms by built in walls or archways that extend at least 6inches from an intersecting wall

  3.)Half walls or bookcases count as room separators if built in (moveable or collapsible partitions are not walls)
• Define impact surface


  an interior or exterior surface that is subject to damage by repeated sudden force such as certain parts of door frames
• Define friction surface


  an interior or exterior surface that is subject to abrasion or friction, including, but not limited to, certain window, floor, and stair surfaces
• Define Chewable surface


  1.) An interior or exterior surface paint with LBP that a young child can mouth or chew. A chewable surface is the same as an "accessible surface"

  2.) Hard metal substrates and other materials that cannot be dented by the bite of a young child are not considered chewable
• Define play area as it relates to risk assessors and inspectors


  an area of frequent soil contact by children of less than 6 years of age as indicated by, not limited to, such factors including the following: the presence of play equipment, toys or other children's possessions, observations of play patterns, or information provided
• Define common area as it relates to risk assessors and inspectors

  a portion of a building generally accessible to all residents/users including, but not limited to, hallways, stairwells, laundry and recreational rooms, playgrounds, community centers, and boundary fences
• Define child occupied facility as it relates to risk assessors and inspectors

  a building, or a portion of a building, constructed prior to 1978, visited regularly by the same child under 6 years of age, on at least two different days within any week, provided that each day's visit last at least 3 hours and the combined weekly visits last at least 6 hours and the combined annual visits last at least 60 hours
• Define 9 bedroom dwelling as it relates to risk assessors and inspectors

  any residential dwelling in which the living area is not separated from the sleeping area. The term includes efficiencies, studio apartments, dormitory housing, military barracks, and rentals of individual rooms in residential dwellings
• What is meant by the term "distinct painting history" as it applies to a risk assessment?

  the application history, as indicated by its visual appearance or a record of application, over time, of paint or other surface coatings to a component or room
• Define Substrate


  the material underneath the paint
• Define Testing Combination


  A unique surface to be tested that is characterized by the room equivalent, component, and substrate
• Define testing location


  the specific place where either an XRF reading or paint chip sample will be taken
• What are the six types of substrates recommended in the HUD Guidelines?

  Brick

  Concrete

  Drywall

  Metal

  Plaster

  Wood
• Define building component or "building component"

  specific design or structural elements or fixtures of a building, residential dwelling, or child-occupied facility that are distinguished from each other by form, function and location
• Define Lead-Based Paint (LBP)


  Paint, varnish, shellac or other coating on surfaces that contain 1.0mg/cm2 or more of lead or 0.5% or more lead by weight
• Define Lead-Based Paint Hazards

  Any condition that causes exposure to lead-contaminated dust, lead-contaminated soil or lead contaminated paint that is deteriorated or present in accessible surfaces, friction surfaces, or impact surfaces, that would result in adverse human health effects as identified by the EPA Administrator under TSCA section 403
• Define dust lead hazard


  Surface dust in residences that contains an area or mass concentration of lead qual to or in excess of the standard established by the EPA under Title IV of the Toxic Substances Control Act
• Define Deteriorated Paint


  Any interior or exterior paint that is peeling, chipping, chalking, or cracking, or is located on an interior or exterior surface or fixture that is damaged or deteriorated
• Define HUD deteriorated paint

  the size of the area of deterioration is greater than 2 sq. ft. on components with large surface areas or 10% of the total surface area of small components or greater than 10 sq. ft on large exterior surfaces
• Define HUD Intact Paint conditions


  the size of the area of deterioration is less than or equal to 2 sq. ft. on components with large surface areas, 10% of the total surface area of small components or 10 sq. ft on large exterior surfaces
• What are the five categories of paint deterioration?

  1.) surface coat failure

  2.) multi-coat failure

  3.) paint failure revealing unsound substrate

  4.) paint abrasion: paint rubbing because mechanical friction or human contact

  5.) chipped paint
• Define window well


  The space that provides exterior access and/or light to a window that is below grade, i.e. below the level of the surrounding earth or pavement
• Define window trough


  For a typical double hung window, the portion of the exterior windowsill between the interior windowsill and the frame of the storm window, If there is no storm window, the window trough is the area that receives both the upper and lower window sashes when they are both lowered
• Define Interior windowsill


  the portion of the horizontal window ledge that protrudes into the interior of the room adjacent to the window sash when the window is closed
• What is the definition of Multi-Family Housing for the purposes of lead-based paint inspections?

  Any group of units that are similar in construction from unit to unit with:

  -21 or more units if any were built before 1960 or are of unknown age or

  -10 or more units if they were built from 1960 to 1977
• What are the differences between single-family and multi-family housing inspections? (Lead Inspector)

  -Additional interior and exterior areas must be inspected

  -A random sample of units are inspected

  -Classification of XRF results by component type is required to determine development-wide patterns

  -A representative sample of common areas in or around the building, both interior and exterior are required.
• What information should be obtained by the client to set up a multi-family housing lead-paint inspection

  1.) a complete listing of all units, unit numbers and common areas in the development

  2.) information on the paint history of the development

  3.) listings or drawings of common-area components

  4.) information on building types and typical exterior components
• Explain the steps involved in selecting specific units in multi-family housing using random sampling

  1. All units in each group of buildings are considered eligible

  2.) units should be numbered 1 to the total number.

  3.) the random numbers are used to select which units out of 55 to include

  4.) Use a random number key on a calculator

  5.) Unit = Round up from (random number x total project size)

  6.) this procedure continues unit the correct number of different units are selected

  7.) Sometimes it is more efficient to determine the units not to be selected (ex. 55-35=20) select the remaining 35 units for inspection
• Explain the process of common area testing in multi-family dwellings

  1.) Common areas can be treated like a dwelling unit, if there are multiple similar common areas, the may be grouped for sampling purposes in the same way as regular dwelling units

  2.) Dwelling units, common areas, and exterior sites cannot be mixed together in a single group

  3.) The selection of the test locations should be varied so that the universe of samples for each type of component in the multifamily development reflects the inspection of LABP at a variety of locations
• Explain the procedure for substrate correction in multi-family dwellings


  the method for correcting XRF readings for substrate bias should be performed as described for single family housing with the following exception:

  a. one representative location of a given substrate should be selected from each of two randomly chosen units for each substrate type
• Explain the grouping component type requirements for multi-family housing

  1. must record each XRF reading for each testing combination and indicate whether that testing combination was classified as positive, negative, or inconclusive

  2. at least 40 components of a given type must be tested to obtain the desired level of confidence in the results throughout the multi family housing development