Component 2 - Evaluation

• How did Zimbardo's research impact prison management?

  Young prisoners are separated from adults
• Why are beehive-style prisons no longer used?

  They increase institutionalisation effects
• What ethical guideline was breached in Zimbardo's study?

  Deception and informed consent
• What was done to address ethical issues in Zimbardo's study?

  Participants were fully debriefed
• How did ethical issues in Zimbardo's study lead to changes in research guidelines?

  Formal recognition of ethical guidelines occurred
• What is a limitation of Zimbardo's study regarding ecological validity?

  It suffered from demand characteristics
• How did participant reactivity affect Zimbardo's study findings?

  Participants changed behavior due to observation
• What did one guard claim influenced his behavior in Zimbardo's study?

  The film Cool Hand Luke's portrayal of guards
• What is a limitation of Zimbardo's study regarding population validity?

  Sample consisted only of American males
• Why might findings from Zimbardo's study be culture-bound?

  Only American male students participated
• How might collectivist cultures respond differently to Zimbardo's findings?

  They may conform more to social roles
• What psychological harm did participants experience in Zimbardo's study?

  Stress, anxiety, and emotional distress
• What happened to one prisoner in Zimbardo's study due to distress?

  He was released on the first day
• What was the purpose of Bocchiaro's lab experiment?

  To maintain control over variables
• What ethical issue did Bocchiaro's research raise?

  Participants may have felt guilty
• How does the culture of participants affect Bocchiaro's findings?

  Results may differ in collectivist cultures
• What was the purpose of the pilot study in Bocchiaro's research?

  To standardize experimenter-authority behavior
• What is a key methodological criticism of EWT studies?

  Use of the same young target
• What is own age bias in EWT studies?

  Recall accuracy is higher for own age group
• How do demand characteristics affect EWT findings?

  Participants give expected answers to please
• What is the impact of artificial tasks on EWT studies?

  Reduces ecological validity of findings
• How do film clips in EWT studies affect participants?

  They do not induce real-life anxiety
• What are real-life applications of EWT research?

  Improved questioning techniques for police
• What does Bandura's Bobo Doll experiment ignore?

  Biological differences between genders
• How does social learning theory relate to Bandura's findings?

  It emphasizes learning from experience
• What did Bandura find regarding boys and girls in his experiment?

  Boys exhibited more imitative aggression
• How does testosterone relate to Bandura's findings?

  Higher levels linked to increased aggression
• What does Bandura's experiment suggest about SLT?

  It may not fully explain gender differences
• Why is noise used in exam situations according to the study material?

  It emulates actual exam conditions for recall.
• What are the significant impacts of noise on education?

  • Higher accuracy of recall
  • Emulates actual exam situations
• What does Bandura's Bobo Doll experiment ignore?

  Biological differences between boys and girls
• What does social learning theory suggest?

  We learn from experience, ignoring biological factors.
• How does Bandura's study relate to environmental determinism?

  It adopts environmental determinism by ignoring other factors.
• What did Bandura find about boys' behavior compared to girls'?

  Boys exhibited more imitative aggression than girls.
• What hormone is linked to increased aggressiveness in boys?

  Testosterone
• What limitation does Bandura's social learning theory have regarding gender differences?

  It does not account for biological differences.
• What are demand characteristics in Bandura's experiment?

  Participants may act to please the experimenter.
• How does the Bobo doll's design affect the study's validity?

  It may lack internal validity due to design.
• What is the 'Please-U effect' in Bandura's study?

  Participants act aggressively to satisfy the experimenter.
• What advantage does social learning theory have over behaviorism?

  It recognizes the role of cognitive processes.