Key Question

• What is the Key Question?

  How effective are treatments for SZ patients?
• Drug therapy

  Antipsychotics reduce dopamine activity via D2 receptor antagonism
• typical antipsychotics

  Chlorpromazine (target dopmaine)
• atypical antipsychotics

  Clozapine (targets serotonin & dopamine).
• Drug therapy A03 (+)

  Quick & effective
• Drug Therapy A03 (-)

  Side effects - tardive dyskinesia & weight.

  Farde.
• Why does Farde oppose drug therapy?

  Not all SZ patients show hypodopaminergia (excess dopamine)
• CBT

  Challenge irrational beliefs; reality testing & coping strategies.

  • patients aware of condition, decrease distress & increase social functioning.
• CBT AO3 (-)

  NICE (2014) - drug needed also for it to be effective.

  motivation & verbal ability.
• CBT A03 (+)

  social causes tackled.
• Token economy

  institutes reward desirable behaviour.

  • useful long-term hospitalisation to gain functionality.
• Token economy A03 (+)

  Paul & Lentz --> improves self-care & social behaviour.
• Token economy A03 (-)

  ethical concerns regarding compliance over autonomy.