QUARTER 1

• What does the Respiratory System consist of?

  Lungs and various breathing tubes
• What is the function of the nostril in the upper respiratory tract?

  Filters and cleans the air we breathe
• What tube does the pharynx lead to?

  Esophagus and trachea
• What is the role of the epiglottis?

  Closes the entrance to the respiratory system
• Why don't we breathe when we eat?

  The epiglottis closes off the airway
• What does the larynx produce?

  Our voices
• What is the main passageway to the lungs?

  Trachea
• What are bronchioles?

  Tiny twig-sized tubes
• What is the function of alveoli?

  Site of gas exchange
• What is breathing defined as?

  The act of inhaling and exhaling
• What is integumentary exchange?

  Gas exchange through the skin
• What do gills do?

  Exchange gases underwater
• What are the two phases of breathing?

  Inspiration and expiration
• What is external respiration?

  Gas exchange between air and blood
• What surrounds each alveolus?

  A network of capillaries
• What is internal respiration?

  Gas exchange with body cells
• What is cellular respiration?

  Energy-releasing process fueled by oxygen
• What is a metabolic waste product of cellular respiration?

  Carbon dioxide
• What is the main function of the human circulatory system?

  Provide nutrients to the cells
• What are the four chambers of the heart?

  Right & left atria, right & left ventricles
• What is the function of the septum in the heart?

  Divides the heart in half
• What are the functions of the heart?

  1. Transports nutrients
  2. Protection against toxins
  3. Keeps body temperature stable
  4. Regulation of body pH
• What is blood often referred to as?

  River of life
• What are the main functions of blood?

  1. Transport of gases, nutrients, hormones
  2. Protection against toxins and pathogens
  3. Stabilization of body temperature
  4. Regulation of pH
• What is blood plasma?

  Pale yellowish liquid that is 92% water
• What are red blood cells also called?

  Erythrocytes
• What is the primary function of red blood cells?

  Carry oxygen
• What do white blood cells do?

  Protect the body from diseases
• What are blood platelets?

  Fragments of cytoplasm involved in clotting
• What are the three types of blood vessels?

  Arteries, veins, capillaries
• What do arteries do?

  Move blood away from the heart
• What do veins do?

  Move blood with wastes to the heart
• What are capillaries?

  Very small blood vessels for diffusion
• What is the function of valves in blood vessels?

  Prevent backflow of blood
• What is the lymphatic system sometimes referred to as?

  Other circulatory system
• What are lymph nodes?

  Network of lymphatic vessels and structures
• What do lymph tissues help fight?

  Bacterial and viral infections
• What is pulmonary circulation?

  Transports oxygen-depleted blood to lungs
• What is systemic circulation?

  Carries oxygenated blood to organs
• What is the common cold caused by?

  Rhinovirus