PHILPOLGOV

• Executive Power


  Power to administer laws, carry them into practical operation and enforce on their due observance
• Article VII, Section 1 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution vests the executive power in the President of the Philippines
• President


  • Head of State
  • Head of Government
  • Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
  • Control over all the executive departments, bureaus and offices
• President of the Philippines

  • Elected by direct vote by the people for a term of six years
  • Only serve for one term
  • Ineligible for re-election
  • Term will start at noon of the 30th day of June
• Qualifications for President (Article VII, Section 2 of the 1987 Constitution)

  • Natural born Filipino
  • Must be able to read and write
  • 40 years of age at the day of the election
  • Must have resided in the Philippines ten years before the election is held
• 17 Presidents of the Philippines

  • Emilio Aguinaldo (1899-1901)
  • Manuel L. Quezon (1935-1943)
  • Jose P. Laurel (1943-1944)
  • Sergio Osmena (1943-1945)
  • Manuel Roxas (1946-1948)
  • Elpidio Quirino (1948-1953)
  • Ramon Magsaysay (1953-1957)
  • Carlos P. Garcia (1957-1961)
  • Diosdado Macapagal (1961-1965)
  • Ferdinand Marcos (1965-1986)
  • Corazon C. Aquino (1986-1992)
  • Fidel V. Ramos (1992-1998)
  • Joseph Ejercito (1998-2001)
  • Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (2001-2010)
  • Benigno S. Aquino III (2010-2016)
  • Rodrigo R. Duterte (2016-2022)
  • Bongbong Marcos (2022-Present)
• Executive Order No. 292, s. 1987 Administrative Code of 1987


  Defines the executive power of the President
• The Executive power shall be vested in the President of the Philippines
• Vice-President


  • Shall have the same qualifications and term of office and be elected with and in the same manner as the president
  • May be removed from office in the same manner as the President
• Term of Office


  The period during which an officer may claim to hold the office as a matter of right
• Tenure of Office


  The period during which the incumbent holds the position
• Line of Succession


  • Vice President
  • Senate President
  • Speaker of the House of Representatives
• The constitution does not include the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in the list of the line of succession
• The President, The VP And Members of the Cabinet shall not, unless otherwise provided in the constitution, hold any other office or employment during their tenure
• The President shall nominate and , with the consent of the Commission on Appointments, appoint the heads of the Executive departments , ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls or officers of the armed forces from the rank of colonel or naval captain, and other offices whose appointments are vested in him in this Constitution
• The President shall have control of all the executive departments, bureaus and offices. He shall ensure the laws be faithfully executed
• Martial Law


  • The President may, suspend the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus or place the Philippines ,or any part thereof under martial law
  • There must be an invasion or rebellion and public safety requires the proclamation or suspension
  • The duration shall not exceed 60 days unless extended by the Congress
  • The president must submit a report to Congress (in person or in writing) within 48 hrs after the declaration
  • The declaration may be revoked by the majority vote of the all members of the Congress voting jointly
  • The Supreme court may inquire into the suffiency of the factual basis of the proclamation
• Presidential Powers


  • Grant reprieves, commutations and pardons and amnesty
  • Contract or guarantee foreign loans on behalf of the Republic of the Philippines
  • Submit to the Congress within 30 days from the opening of every regular session, a budget of expenditures and sources of financing
  • Address the Congress at the opening of its regular session
• Vice-President Qualifications


  • Natural born Filipino
  • Must be able to read and write
  • 40 years of age at the day of the election
  • Must have resided in the Philippines ten years before the election is held
• Vice Presidents of the Philippines

  • Sergio Osmena
  • Elpidio Quirino
  • Fernando Lopez
  • Carlos P. Garcia
  • Emmanuel Pelaez
  • Arturo Tolentino
  • Salvador Laurel
  • Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
  • Noli De Castro
  • Jejomar Binay
  • Teofisto Guingona Jr.
• Cabinet Secretaries


  • Alter ego of the President having their power over their departments
  • The President can still dissolve or create any department for the country's better
  • The following need confirmation of the Commission on Appointments in order to assume their posts: Executive Secretary, Secretary of Agrarian Form, Secretary of Agriculture (DA), Secretary of Budget and Management, Secretary of Education (DepEd), Secretary of Energy (DoE), Secretary of Environment and Natural
• Born Filipino


  Requirement to hold the Office of the Vice President
• Must be able to read and write


  Requirement to hold the Office of the Vice President
• 40 years of age at the day of the election


  Requirement to hold the Office of the Vice President
• Must have resided in the Philippines ten years before the election is held


  Requirement to hold the Office of the Vice President
• People who have held the Office of the Vice President since 1935


  • Sergio Osmena
  • Elpidio Quirino
  • Fernando Lopez
  • Carlos P. Garcia
  • Emmanuel Pelaez
  • Arturo Tolentino
  • Salvador Laurel
  • Jr. Gloria Macapagal- Arroyo
  • Noli De Castro
  • Jejomar Binay
  • Teofisto Guingona Jr.
• Cabinet Secretary


  Alter ego of the President having their power over their departments
• The President can still dissolve or create any department for the country's better
• Cabinet positions that require confirmation of the Commission on Appointments

  • Executive Secretary
  • Secretary of Agrarian Form
  • Secretary of Agriculture (DA)
  • Secretary of Budget and Management
  • Secretary of Education (DepEd)
  • Secretary of Energy (DoE)
  • Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)
  • Secretary of Finance
  • Secretary of Foreign Affairs (DFA)
  • Secretary of Health (DOH)
  • Secretary of Justice (DOJ)
  • Secretary of Labor and Employment (DOLE)
  • Secretary of National Defense
  • Secretary of Public Work and Highways (DPWH)
  • Secretary of Science and Technology (DOST)
  • Secretary of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)
• Powers of a Cabinet Secretary

  • Alter egos of the President in their respective departments
  • The power to order directives relative to their departments such as department orders
  • Act as advisors of the President for their different areas
• The President may disapprove bills enacted by Congress
• Congress may reject appointments by the President
• The Judiciary may declare unconstitutional law passed by the Congress
• The Batasang Pambansa in Q.C is the current base of the House of Representatives
• No senator shall serve for more than two consecutive terms

  Constitutional provision
• The members of the House of Representatives shall be elected for a term of 3 years. No members of HOR shall serve for more than 3 consecutive terms

  Constitutional provision
• Presidents of the Senate


  • JUAN MIGUEL "MIGS" F. ZUBIRI
  • LOREN LEGRDA
  • JOEL VILLANUEVA
  • AQUILINO "KOKO" PIMENTEL III
  • JOSEPH VICTOR "JV" G. EJERCITO
  • MARK A. VILLAR
  • RISA HONTIVEROS
  • JUN EDGARDO "SONNY" ANGAERA
  • MARIA LOURDES NANCY S. BINAY
  • ALAN PETER S. CAYETANO
  • PIA S. CAYETANO
  • RONALD "BATO" DELA ROSA
  • FRANCIS G. ESCUDERO
  • JINGGOY EJERCITO ESTRADA
  • WIN GATCHALIAN
  • CHRISTOPHER LAWRENCE T. GO
  • MANUEL "LITO" M. LAPID
  • IMEE R. MARCOS
  • ROBINHOOD C. PADILLA
  • GRACE L. POE
  • RAMON BONG REVILLIA JR.
  • FRANCIS "TOL" N. TOLENTINO
  • RAFFY T. TULFO
  • CYNTHIA A. VILLAR
• The party-list representatives shall constitute 20% of the total number of representatives including those under the party list. For 3 consecutive terms after the ratification of this Constitution, ½ of the seats allocated to party-list representatives shall be filled, as provided by law, by selection or election from the labor, peasant, urban poor, indigenous cultural communities, women, youth except religious sector

  Constitutional provision
• The regular election of the Senators and the Members of the House of Representatives shall be held on the second Monday of May

  Constitutional provision
• All Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives shall, upon assumption of office, make a full disclosure of their financial and business interests. They shall notify the House concerned of a potential conflict of interest that may arise from the filing of a proposed legislation of which they are authors

  Constitutional provision