Unit 6 geography-Cities and Urban Land-Use

• Transportation routes, such as airports, highways, and railways greatly influence the distribution and types of land uses in cities.
• Urban sprawl is an uncontrolled expansion of built up area into previously undeveloped land, often resulting in low density housing.
• Urbanization has led to an increase in greenhouse gases, contributing to global climate change.
• Government policies, such as zoning laws, building codes, and taxes, shape how land is used in urban areas.
• The location of transportation infrastructure can determine which areas are developed into commercial or residential zones.
• Development patterns around transportation infrastructure may also reflect social and cultural preferences, such as proximity to schools or religious institutions.
• Infrastructure development is often driven by economic factors, with businesses seeking to be located near major transport hubs.
• Water pollution can occur through runoff carrying pollutants from roads and industrial sites, or sewage discharge.
• Infrastructure investments, like public transit systems or bike lanes, can encourage more sustainable modes of transportation and reduce car dependence.
• gentrification transforms an area from a low-income to a high-income area
• Site factors are the physical features of the land that affect the distribution of plants and animals.
• situation factors are the physical and social environment of the business and its location.
• megacities are cities with a population of over 10 million people
• meta cities are features of the landscape that are not directly related to the settlements that are built on them.
• suburban sprawl is the growth of urban areas into the surrounding countryside
• edge cities are an urban area with a suburban residential and business area surrounding it
• world city - a city that is a major center of international trade, finance, culture, entertainment, and tourism.
• rank size rule are cities dividing into 3 parts: 1. city core 2. city periphery 3. city fringe
• primate city model is the largest in the country.
• threshold of business success: the point at which a business is able to generate sufficient profit to cover its costs and still have a positive net profit
• range of business is the distance/range a person is willing to travel to buy a product or service
• Latin American city model is a model of urban development that focuses on the development of large cities in Latin America
• sector model is a model that describes the relationship between the economy and the environment.
• burgess concentric city model is a model of urban development that suggests that cities grow in concentric rings around the center.
• galactic city model shows a city growing independently from the CBD and spreading outwards
• southeast Asia city model combines the best of both worlds: a city that is both modern and traditional
• African city model shows two types of cities: the traditional and the modern.
• new urbanism is a movement that advocates for the creation of new towns and cities that are more sustainable and environmentally friendly
• greenbelt is a strip of land that is protected from urban development, usually by law
• quantitative urban data collection is the collection of data in a quantitative manner, such as through surveys, questionnaires, and interviews
• qualitive observes the behaviors of people and their reactions to stimuli.
• redlining is the practice of denying loans to people in certain areas of the country
• blockbusting is when a business buys up a whole street to prevent a person of color from moving in
• inclusionary: designed or intended to provide equal access to opportunities and resources for people who might otherwise be excluded or marginalized, such as those having physical or intellectual disabilities or belonging to other minority groups
• NIMBYism is a behavior of a person who doesn't want something to be built near their home
• Squatter settlements are areas of informal housing built on land without permission.
• government overlap is when multiple agencies have similar goals