Eng exam again

• Aristotle's model of communication - It is one of the most widely accepted communication models. It is commonly used when it comes to public speaking or propaganda.
• Aristotle's model of communication

  •speaker

  •speech

  •audience

  •effect
• Characteristics of a good communicator

  •pathos - characters

  •ethos - emotional connection

  •logos - logic
• Three modes of persuasion

  •ethos - personal character or the credibility of the speaker

  •pathos - emotional connection to the audience

  •logos - logical appeal based on reasoning
• Legal - Meant courts - ordinary people defend themselves.
• Deliberative - Meant the political assemblies, the highest of which was the Roman Senate.
• Ceremonial - Mean the celebrations, occasions that call for speeches of welcome, poems of tribute or of eulogies, and poems of lament
• Shannon and Weaver’s model - it is a model consisting of basic elements such as a source, encoder, medium, decoder, receiver, and noise. It describes how information flows from a sender to a receiver. In contrast, a transaction is a model which describes both the sender and the receiver engaging simultaneously.
• Sender - The originator of the message or the information source selects the desired message
• Encoder - The transmitter which converts the message into signals
• Decoder - The reception place of the signal which converts signals into message
• Receiver - The destination of the message from sender
• Noise - The messages are transferred from the encoder to the decoder through the channel.
• The schramm's model - The Schramm model is less traditional than the others because it occurs circularly. Being circular implies that boththe sender and the receiver exchange roles and participate equally in communication.
• Schramm' model

  •encoder ~> The encoder does the encoding and sends the message.

  •decoder ~> The decoder receives the message.

  •interpreter ~> The person trying to interpret the message.
• White’s model - It is circular and continuous without a beginning or an end by introducing the concept of feedback.

  It also emphasises the interactive and transactional nature of communication, recognising the reciprocal exchange of messages betweens enders and receivers.
• Regulation and control - Communication functions to control behaviour.
• Motivation - Communication motivates or encourages people to live better.
• Social I teraction - Communication allows individuals to interact with others
• Emotional expression - Communication facilitates people’s expression of their feelings and emotions.