Formation

• Moderate precipitation creates some leaching of materials.
• Warmer temperatures increase the rate of decomposition, creating a dark brown mull hummus.
• Found on gentle slopes meaning there is less erosion, resulting in thick soil.
• The slope means water does not lie, creating good drainage.
• Warm temperatures allow lots of biota to survive. These organisms mix the soil, creating indistinct horizons.
• Organisms add air to the soil, preventing waterlogging.
• Parent material is a schist.
• Well weathered due to long tree roots breaking up rocks.
• Deciduous trees provide deep leaf litter, creating fertile mull humus.
• Trees have long roots which penetrates deep into the soil, accessing nutrients from lower layers which are recycled to leaves.