SCI QUIZ

• Three methods of heat transfer


  1. Conduction (in solid matters)

  2. Convection (in liquid and gaseous matters)

  3. Radiation
• Key Words


  • Conduction
  • Convection
  • Radiation
  • Conductor
  • Insulator
• Thermal Energy is a form of energy possessed by all objects due to the movement of particles making up an object
• Heat is a form of energy produced as thermal energy moves
• Heat energy production


  1. Starts when thermal energy starts transferring

  2. Stops when thermal energy stops transferring
• Thermometer is an instrument used to measure the degree of hotness or coldness of an object and measures temperature
• Conduction is the transfer of heat through the contact of objects, happening in solids
• Conductors of Heat


  • Examples: metal
• Insulators of Heat


  • Examples: wood
• Conduction


  Takes place between objects in contact with each other
• Conductivity: Different materials transfer heat at different rates. Good conductors allow fast transfer, while insulators slow or prevent transfer. Metals are generally good conductors of heat
• Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of particles, happening only in fluids (liquids and gases)
• Radiation refers to the emission of electromagnetic waves, no particles are involved, and it can take place even in a vacuum. All objects emit and absorb radiation, known as thermal or infrared radiation
• The hotter an object is, the more infrared radiation it emits
• Heat

  • Form of energy
  • SI UNIT: Joules
• Kelvin is the SI Unit of a thermometer.
• Charges comes from atoms
• Static Electricity

  • built up on the surface of the materials
• Electron-donating materials have a more weaker tendency to receive electrons
• Electron-accepting materials have a stronger tendency to receive electrons.
• If electrons = protons --> neutral
• Types of Charging


  Charging means gaining or losing electron. Matters can be charged with three ways, charging by friction, charging by contact and charging by induction
• Charges in Matter


  Matter is made up of atoms with protons (positive charge), neutrons (neutral), and electrons (negative charge)
• Rubbing materials does NOT create electric charges. It just transfers electrons from one material to the other
• Insulators


  • Materials that do NOT allow electrons to flow through them easily
• Conductors


  • Materials that allow electrons to flow through them easily
• Charging by Friction


  When you rub one material to another, they are charged by friction. Material losing electron is positively charged and material gaining electron is negatively charged
• Charging by Contact or Conduction

  There are equal numbers of electrons and protons in a neutral matter. If something changes this balance we can say it is charged
• Charging by Induction


  The production of a charge in an uncharged body by bringing a charged object close to it
• electrons > protons => gaining electrons, negative charge
• electrons < protons => losing electrons, positive charge
• Relative electro-negativity ranking for some common materials from electron donating materials (+, glass) to electron accepting materials (-, teflon)
• Electrostatic Series

  • Helps determine whether an object will become postively or negatively charged when rubbed with different material.
• Rubbing materials does NOT create electric charges. It just transfers electrons from one material to the other.
• Electricity

  • an electric charge is an electrical property of matter that creates a force between two objects
• Insulators - do nt allow electrons to flow easily
• Conductors - allows electrons flow more easily
• Charging - gaining or losing electrons
• Charging by Friction - two materials rubbing against each other wherein one material has more electrons, therefore transferring it to the other material
• Charging by Conduction or Contact - There are equal numbers of electrons and protons in a neutral matter. If something changes this balance we can say it is charged