Science ( REVIEWER )

• The Climate in the Philippines is

  Tropical And Maritime
• Major Elements Of Climate

  Temperature, Rainfall or Precipitation and Humidity
• Two Major Season in Philippines

  Rainy Season ( June - November ) and Dry Season ( December - May )
• Factors Affecting The Climate

  Latitude, Altitude, Topography, Distance to Oceans, and Ocean Currents
• Three Major Types of Climate Zone

  Polar Climate ( Frigid Zone ), Temperate Climate ( Temperature Zone ), Tropical Climate ( Torrid Zone )
• Polar Climate ( Frigid Zone ) - High latitude found at the North and South Pole 
• Temperate Climate ( Temperate Zone ) - Middle latitude, located in the areas away from the equator
• Tropical Climate ( Torrid Zone ) - Low latitude located near the equator
• Two sides of Mountain

  Windward Side and Leeward Side
• Windward Side

  • Facing where the wind blows
  • Has Lower temperature  
• Leeward Side

  • No Cloud Formation
  • High temperature
• Weather

  • Day to day condition of the Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place
  • Short term atmospheric conditions
• Climate

  • Refers to the average weather conditions in a place over many years.
  • Seasonal
• Major Elements of Climate

  • Temperature - Degree or intensity of heat
  • Humidity - Concentration of water vapor in the air
  • Rainfall or Precipitation - Occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor
• Latitude

  • LapThe specific North to South grid positions on Earth ranging from 0 degrees at the equator to 90 degrees at the poles
  • As latitude increase, the temperature decreases
• Altitude

  • Refers to the height of an area above sea level
  • The higher an are is, the colder the temperature it has
• Topography

  • Refers to the natural features or arrangement of an area such as landforms
  • Mountains are example of topographical features that can affect climate
• Distance to Oceans

  • Areas that are close to oceans and other large bodies of water tend to have more moderate climate changes between seasons
  • These areas tend to have higher average precipitation than land-locked areas
• Ocean Currents

  • are continuos, predictable, directional movement of seawater driven by wind (Coriolis Effects), earthquakes, and gravity
  • Some currents are warm and some are cold
• Northern Hemisphere - The current flows in a clockwise direction
• Southern Hemisphere - The current flows in a counterclockwise direction
• Coriolis Effect - Make things (air) to travel at a curved path
• Ocean Currents

  • that flow away from the equator carry warm water and produces warm temperature to nearby landmass
  • An example is the KUROSHIO CURRENT
• Ocean Currents

  • That flows toward the equator carry cold water and produces colder temperature.
  • An Example is the West Australian Current
• Volcano - is a hill, mountain or fissure from which molten rocks, hot games and ash are ejected
• The term "Volcano" also means a crater formed by removal of Pre-existing materials; or hill or mountain formed the accumulation of ejected materials
• Parts Of Volcano

  • Summit
  • Slope
  • Base
  • Vent
  • Magma Chamber
  • Fissures
  • Fumorales
  • Crater
  • Caldera
• Summit - THE highest point or the apex of the volcano
• Slope - Rising or falling surface of a volcano. One side is usually at a higher level than the other
• Base - the lowest part, bottom, or the supporint layer of a volcano
• Vent - THE central opening of a volcano where magma comes out.
• Magma Chamber - located beneath the volcano
• Fissures - long narrow cracks in the crust where some of the magma may come out.
• Fumaroles - Secondary vents, or openings that emit steam and volcanic games such as sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide
• Crater - is a funnel-shaped opening at the top of a volcano
• Cladera - large depression cause by the collapse of the summit of a volcano  
• Types of Volcanoes

  • Composite Cone Volcano ( Stratovolcano )
  • Cinder Cone Volcano
  • Shield Volcano
• Composite Cone Volcano ( Stratovolcano )- Large, nearly perfect sloped structures formed from alternate solidification of both lava and pyroclastic
• Cinder Cone Volcano - Built from ejected magma fragments, they have steep Slope and wide craters
• Shield Volcano - have a very wide base and slightly domed