science 8 (3rd quarter)

• is anything that occupy space and has mass.

  matter
• All matter is made of ___

  atoms
• ____ are the basic building blocks of matter.

  atoms
• Three subatomic particles make up every atom:

  protons, neutrons, electrons
• The word atom came from the Greek word ____ which

  means "indivisible"

  atomos
• ___ are positive, have a mass roughly the same as a

  neutron, found in the nucleus, define an element

  protons
• ___ have no charge, have a mass roughly the same

  as a proton, found in the nucleus, are responsible for

  isotopes

  neutrons
• The___ ___r is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

  atomic number
• ___ are negative, very small mass, smallest

  subatomic particle, found outside of the nucleus, are

  responsible for ions.

  electrons
• How to get the mass number of an element?

  protons + neutrons
• To find neutrons:


  mass number - protons
• What is the mass number of an element with 10 protons and 10 neutrons?

  20
• What is the mass number of an element with 36 protons and 48 neutrons?

  84
• are atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons.

  ISOTOPES
• The number of protons for an atom __ changes.

  never
• The number of neutrons ___ change

  can
• ___ are atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons.


  isotopes
• is anything that occupies space and has mass.

  matter
• Matter may either be __ or ___.

  living or non-living
• STATES OF MATTER


  solid, liquid, gas
• Matter is made of tiny particles called ___ or molecules that are in constant motion and are held together by attractive forces

  atom
• These particles are arranged depending on their ____

  states/phase.
• The speed of these particles is dependent on the _____ they contain.

  amount of energy or heat
• Particles of ___ are tightly packed and move around very little.

  solid
• ___ has weaker attractive forces that allow particles to flow around each other.

  liquid
• ___ have particles with the highest amount of energy. This energy allows the particles to move fast and have great spaces between them.

  gases
• ___ is the fourth state of matter. It is often seen in ionized gases in which many of the electrons wander around freely among the nuclei of the atoms.

  plasma
• ___ is the fifth state of matter, created when particles, called bosons, are cooled to near absolute zero.

  Bose-Einstein condensate
• Bose-Einstein condensate is the fifth state of matter, created when particles, called ____, are cooled to near absolute zero.


  bosons
• Properties are the distinguished ___ that you use to identify different samples of matter.

  characteristics
• • Matter has two main kinds of properties:

  physical and chemical
• ___ ___ are the characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance into another substance.

  Physical properties
• ___ ___ can be observed by changing the identity of a substance or when the substance reacts with another substance and undergo change in its composition.

  Chemical property
• There are two types of changes that matter may undergo through

  physical and chemical
• ___ __are changes in the physical properties of matter.

  Physical changes
• Physical Changes Matter Undergo:

  melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, sublimation, deposition
• is the physical change of a solid to a liquid by the addition of heat

  melting
• is the change of state in which a liquid becomes solid as heat is removed

  freezing
• is the change of substance from liquid to gas by adding heat

  evaporation
• is the change of state from gas to liquid by removing heat

  condensation