evolution paper2🩷

• adamosphere come be what is is todays
• halogen 78 087-
• Oxygen 2095
• Carbon dioxide 0038/
• Gases in the atmosphere

  • Hydrogen
  • Helium
  • Argon
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Oxygen
  • Nitrogen
  • Methane
  • Ammonia
• Earth's atmosphere expands from the earth's surface to an altitude of 10.coom
• Gases produced


  • Carbon dioxide
  • Methane
  • Ammonia
• Plant life appeared


  • Carbon dioxide increased
  • Oxygen increased
  • Methane decreased
  • Ammonia decreased
• For the past 600 million years


  • Significant changes have occurred in the atmosphere
  • Carbon dioxide decreased
  • Oxygen increased
  • Methane decreased
  • Ammonia decreased
  • Hydrogen increased
• Carbon (atmospheric) oxygen sediments Shells
• Carbon dioxide


  Carbonates precipitated out, reducing the amount of CO₂ in the atmosphere
• Volcanoes actively release series is just.
• One memory of how Earth's atmosphere formed...
• Volcanic activity


  • Releases gases into the atmosphere
  • Carbon dioxide increased
  • Oxygen increased
  • Nitrogen increased
• Flood events


  • Can change the atmosphere
  • Oxygen increased
  • Carbon dioxide decreased
  • Methane decreased
  • Ammonia decreased
• Algae first produced oxygen about 2.7 billion years ago
• Oxygen appeared in the atmosphere due to plant and algae photosynthesis
• Plant and algae photosynthesis used up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
• Carbon dioxide was also removed from the atmosphere as it was used to form sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels that contain carbon
• The amount of CO2 has nearly stayed the same for 200 million years due to the carbon cycle
• The percentage of O2 increased as plants photosynthesized
• The earth's atmosphere is a mixture of gases
• Ecosystem


  Distinct self supporting system of organisms interacting with each other and the environment
• Individual


  A single member of a species
• Population


  A particular species in the same area at a certain time
• Community


  Multiple populations living and interacting in an ecosystem
• Habitat


  Where an organism lives at any one time
• Producers

  Plants which photosynthesize to produce food
• Consumers

  Animals that eat plants or other animals
• Decomposers


  Organisms that break down dead material and help to recycle nutrients by saprotrophic nutrition (extracellular enzymatic digestion)
• Biodiversity


  • Amount of variation shown by species
  • Species richness
  • Abundance of species and even distribution
• Biotic factors


  May continue until there are too few members of the lesser adapted species to breed successfully
• Pyramid of energy

  Illustrates the amount of energy contained within the biomass, area of each box represents the quantity of energy, wide base, as you move up the energy decreases, only 10% of the energy is passed on
• Energy transfer

  1. Producers use glucose from respiration to produce their own biomass

  2. Primary consumers eat producers, they digest the biomass and use the chemical energy to increase or sustain their own biomass

  3. Only the energy from assimilation remains with the organism to be passed on
• Availability of food

  More food means more organisms can survive and reproduce, increase in population size
• New predators


  In balanced ecosystems, predators catch enough prey to survive but not many that they wipe out the population, if a new predator is introduced ecosystem may become unbalanced
• New pathogens


  If a new pathogen enters an ecosystem, the population will have no immunity or resistance, population may decline or wipe out
• Competition

  If 2 species compete for the same resource and one is better adapted then that species will outcompete the other