Module 1

• Development:

  The pattern of change that begins at conception and continues through the life span. Most development involves growth, although it also includes decline brought on by aging and dying.
• Original Sin:

  The view that children were basically bad and born into the world as evil beings.
• Tabula Rasa:

  The idea, proposed by John Locke, that children are like a "blank tablet."
• Innate Goodness:

  The idea, presented by Swiss-born philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau, that children are inherently good
• Context:

  influenced by historical, economic, social, and cultural factors.
• Culture:

  The behavior patterns, beliefs, passed on from generation to generation.
• Cross-cultural studies:

  Comparisons of one culture with one or more other cultures. universal, across cultures, and to the degree to which it is culture-specific.
• Socioeconomic status (SES):

  grouping of people with similar occupational, educational, and economic characteristics.
• Gender:

  The psychological and sociocultural dimensions of being female or male.
• Social Policy:

  A national government's course promote the welfare of its citizens.
• Generational Inequity:

  aging society is being unfair to its younger members.
• Human Development:

  scientific study of processes of change and stability throughout the human life span.
• Life-Span Development:

  concept of human development as a lifelong process, which can be studied scientifically.

  *positive

  *negative
• Domains of Development

  1. Physical Development
  2. Cognitive Development
  3. Psychosocial Development
• Physical Development

  growth of body and brain, including patterns of change in sensory capacities, motor skills and health
• Cognitive Development

  pattern of change in mental abilities, such as learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity.
• Psychosocial Development

  pattern of change in emotions, personality, and social relationships.
• Conceptions of Age

  1. Chronological Age
  2. Biological Age
  3. Psychological Age:
  4. Social Age:
• Chronological Age

  the no. of years that have elapsed since birth.
• Biological Age

  functional capacities of a person's vital organs.
• Psychological Age

  adaptive capacities compared of the same chronological age.
• Social Age

  social roles and expectations related to a person's age.
• Periods of Development

  • Prenatal
  • Infancy
  • Early Childhood
  • Middle and Late Childhood
  • Adolescence
  • Early Adulthood
  • Middle Adulthood
  • Late Adulthood
• Prenatal

  the time from conception to birth. It involves tremendous growth—from a single cell to an organism complete with brain and behavioral capabilities, produced in approx. a nine-month period.
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