how far did the monarchy change

• What significant changes occurred in the monarchy after 1640 and post-1688?

  Substantial constitutional and religious changes
• What ideology persisted under early Stuart rulers?

  • Continuity in ideology
  • Personal monarchy
  • Divine Right Monarchy until the 1680s
• Who adhered to the Divine Right of Kings?

  James I and Charles I
• What document did James I write that supported Divine Right?

  Trew Law of Free Monarchies
• What did Charles II maintain after the Restoration in 1660?

  The language of Divine Right
• How did James II act on the Divine Right?

  By bypassing Parliament with proclamations
• What did James I impose for religious uniformity?

  The King James Bible
• What led to unrest during Charles I's reign?

  Imposition of Laudian reforms
• What title did the monarch hold in relation to the Church of England?

  Supreme Governor
• What did Charles II's Declaration of Indulgence (1672) signify?

  Use of religion to advance policy
• How did the monarchy remain central to government during crises?

  It was the focus of political authority
• What did the Restoration of 1660 demonstrate about public sentiment?

  Deep-rooted public attachment to kingship
• What laws did the Cavalier Parliament pass to strengthen the monarchy?

  Corporation Act 1661 and Act of Uniformity 1662
• How did Charles II fund his rule without Parliament?

  £230,000/year from Louis XIV
• What power did James II use to suspend laws?

  The dispensing power
• What prerogative powers remained intact post-1688?

  Foreign policy, church appointments, military leadership
• What were the key events during the Civil War and Interregnum (1642–1660)?

  • Trial and execution of Charles I (1649)
  • England as a Republic (1649–53)
  • Protectorate under Cromwell
  • Abolition of monarchy and House of Lords
• What was established after the Glorious Revolution of 1688?

  A constitutional monarchy
• What did the Bill of Rights (1689) restrict?

  Monarch's ability to suspend laws
• What was required for a standing army in peacetime after 1689?

  Parliament's consent
• How did the financial independence of the Crown change after 1694?

  Bank of England allowed state borrowing
• What did the Civil List Act 1698 establish?

  A fixed income for the Crown
• What did the Army Acts (Mutiny Acts) require from Parliament?

  Annual renewal for army funding and discipline
• What changes occurred in religious settlement and toleration post-1689?

  • End of exclusive Anglican uniformity
  • Toleration Act 1689 allowed dissenting Protestants
  • Shift from enforced uniformity to limited pluralism
  • Monarch lost unilateral control over religious policy
• What was the conclusion about the Stuart monarchy by 1702?

  It was fundamentally different in function and authority
• What events marked the shift from absolutism to constitutional monarchy?

  Civil War, Interregnum, and Glorious Revolution