Migration

• What is meant by net migration?

  The number of people moving into a country minus the number of people moving away
• What is a stat for net migration?

  In the UK, net migration reached a high of 330,000 in 2014/15

  The foreign born population of England and Wales nearly doubled between 1991 and 2011
• What happened before WWII?

  The foreign born population of the UK was very low. After the war a labour shortage prompted the government to urge Polish soldiers to move to the UK
• What is the British Nationality Act 1948?

  It made it easier for citizens of the British Commonwealth to settle in the UK. This led to a wave of mass immigration
• What happened until the 1980s in relation to emigration?

  Until the 1980s, emigration from the UK to countries like Australia and the USA matched immigration into Britain. HOwver, mass immigration in the 1990s outstripped emigration and net migration rose rapidly
• What happened in the late 1990s?

  War and political conflicts in South Africa, Afghanistan, Iraq, Somalia, Sri Lanka and Kosovo led to an increase in applications for asylum in the UK

  Applications peaked in 2002 with over 84,000 people asking for asylum
• what happened between 2004 - 2007?

  New countries joined the EU and free movement was introduced. New EU migrants arrived in the UK and contributed to rising net migration
• What has increasing net migration affected?

  THe structure of society and of families
• What is outweighed by the impact of migration?

  The impact of low fertility rates on population size in the UK
• Why do people come to the uk?

  Work related

  Formal study

  Joining family

  other
• Why do migrants decrease the average age of a country?

  Because they tend to be young and of working age
• What does immigration decrease?

  It decreases the dependency ratio by increasing the. number of people able to support children and older people
• Fertility rate

  the fertility rate for mothers not born in the UK is hgigher than that of mothers born in the UK. While this increases the dependency ratio by increasing the number if children in the population, the impact is temporary because the children will reach working age and go on to decrease the dependency ratio