Community Engagement, Solidarity and Citizenship

• Community


  A social organization that is considered fundamental to society such as, village or religious sect. They are often regarded as natural groupings based on ties of shared blood, language, history, territory, and specially culture.
• Fellowship


  Community means "common" for the Greeks.
• Community


  A human system of more than two people in which the members interact personally over time, in which behavior and activity are guided by collectively evolved norms or collective decisions, and from which member may freely secede.
• Community


  A group of people who have something in common.
• Intentional Community


  In this type of community, individuals come together voluntarily and are supportive of each. Members may share interests as well as identity and or a geographical location.
• Community of Identity


  It implies common identifiable characteristics or attributes such as having in common a culture. By culture we mean: language, music, religion, customs, etc. Identity can be based on age, gender, and sexuality. It does not mean that an individual necessarily identifies with the community to which s/he is perceived to belong.
• Community of Interest or Solidarity

  It incorporates social movements such as women's rights, political party, peace, and environment, saving trees or public education. A community of interest is present concurrently in different geographical spaces. Individuals may be connected to their interest community at the local, and or global level.
• Geographic Community or a Neighborhood

  It has physical boundaries by which make it distinct or separate, such as a river, a street. In a town there might be several neighborhoods, each with some special attributes: caste, religion, rich and poor. In addition, a neighborhood usually has a diverse population with individuals and groups occupying different physical space.
• Community Action


  Includes various activities aimed at empowering people towards becoming active contributors to the community building process. Community actions may come in different modalities.
• Community Dynamics


  Consist of the structures that function and interact with each other creating a process that bring changes to the community as manifested in the ways of life of the people. The interactions may also cause changes in the structures themselves.
• Applied Social Sciences


  Are disciplines or occupations that utilize perspectives and theories developed by experts in various fields of social sciences for application to different situations in the daily lives of an individual or a community.
• Professions under applied social sciences

  • social work
  • counseling
  • journalism
  • economics
  • political science
  • psychology
• Community


  Defined by location and social identification
• Economy


  Management and use of resources to meet household and community needs.
• Equity


  Fairness regardless of race, income, sex, age, language, sexual orientation, disability regarding opportunities and distribution.
• Ecology


  Pattern of relationships between living things and their environment.
• The 3 Modalities of Community Action

  • Community Engagement
  • Solidarity
  • Citizenship
• Communitas


  The word "community" is derived from the Latin word "common".
• Communis


  Means "common".
• Com, Munire


  Com translates to "with" or "together", while Munire means "to strengthen" "to fortify" and "to defend."
• 4 Community Perspectives


  • Social Science Perspective
  • Institutional Perspective
  • Civil Society Perspective
  • Organic Perspective
• Social Science Perspective


  A community is a group of people whose connections and relations are formed by their shared histories, experiences, geographies, and identities. Members of a community are brought together by commonly held interests, aspirations, perspectives, and values.
• Institutional Perspective


  Social institutions arise from voluntary shared agreements among individuals that generally also shape their behavior as a collective.
• Institutions


  The "rules of the game" that shape a community and society in general (Nobel Laureate Douglass North).
• 2 Categories of Institutions

  • Formal
  • Informal
• Informal Institutions


  Are practices, norms, traditions, culture, conduct, and belief systems of a community. These are not codified or written, but are nonetheless embedded in communities, operating due to the interactive process of preference exchanges and social expectations that occur therein.
• Formal Institutions


  Explicitly communicated, embodied in legally codified documents or artifacts. These serve as basis for the authority to be executed or expressed.
• 3 Ages


  • Paleolithic Age - Hunter Gatherer
  • Mesolithic Age - Horticultural and Agricultural
  • Neolithic Age - Agrarian
• Social Stratification


  View of the situations within the community system.
• Social Class


  Categorization of people based on the income economic capacity.
• Social Mobility


  Movement of an individual or group within or between social strata.
• Gender Equality Movements


  How individuals view themselves in the light of their freedom to choose what gender view they will intend to follow.
• Deviance


  Form of action or behavior that undermines social norms.
• Politics


  The interrelationship of power and the community.
• 3 Sub-categories under Social Science Perspective

  • Anthropological Perspective
  • Sociological Perspective
  • Political Science Perspective
• Elements of a State

  • Territory
  • Sovereignty
  • Government
  • Population
• Political Perspective


  Community is composed of elements like state.
• Economic Perspective


  Community is a dynamic social grouping wherein all the members strive to sustain daily living through different activities involving production and exchanges of goods and services.
• Education Institution Perspective


  Humans live in a community that they share with others for which they have relinquish certain aspect of their freedom to be able to harmoniously coexist.
• Religious Perspective


  A community is consisting of people who commit and practice a common belief system.