ART APP 03

• Aristotle - claimed that every particular substance in the world has an end, telos in Greek, which translates to “purpose”.
• Aristotle claimed that every particular substance in the world has an end, telos in Greek, which translates to “purpose”.
• This telos according to Aristotle is intricately linked with function
• Man, in Aristotle’s view of reality, is bound to achieve a life of fulfillment and happiness, or in Greek, eudaimonia.
• Taj Mahal -a massive mausoleum of white marble built in Agra was constructed in memory of the favorite wife of the then emperor, Shah Jahan
• Joyce Kilmer’s - “Trees” has maintained its popularity through the years regardless of its application or practical benefit
• The functions of art are classified into three: personal (public display, expression), social (celebration, to, affect collective behavior), and physical (utilitarian).
• The functions of art are classified into three: personal, social, and physical.
• PERSONAL FUNCTIONS OF ART - are varied and are highly subjective. This means that it depends on the person-the artist who created the art. An artist may create an art out of the need for self –expression.
• PERSONAL FUNCTIONS OF ART - This means that it depends on the person-the artist who created the art. An artist may create an art out of the need for self –expression.
• Social Functions of Art -Art is considered to have a social function if and when it addresses a particular collective interest as opposed to a personal interest. Political art is a very common example of an art with a social function.
• Physical Function of Art - The _____ can be found in artworks that are crafted in order to serve some physical purpose. A Japanese raku bowl that serves a physical function in a tea ceremony is an example. Architecture, jewelry making, in even interior design are all forms of arts that have physical function. 
• the ancient world saw music only as an instrument to facilitate worship and invocation to god
• Plato - in his masterpiece, The Republic, particularly paints a picture of artists as imitators and art as mere imitation
• Plato - was deeply suspicious of arts and artists for two reasons: they appeal to the emotion rather than to the rational faculty of men and they imitate rather than lead one to reality.
• Socrates is worried that art objects represent only the things in this world, copies themselves of reality
• Socrates claims that art is just an imitation of imitation.
• For Plato, art is dangerous because it provides a petty replacement for the real entities that can only be attained through reason. 
• Aristotelian worldview, art serves two particular purposes. First, art allows for the experience of pleasure. Experiences that are otherwise repugnant can become entertaining in art. For examples, a horrible experience can be made an object of humor in a comedy. Second, art also has an ability to be instructive and teach its audience things about life, thus it is cognitive as well. Greek plays are usually of this nature. 
• Aristotle -Plato’s most important student in philosophy, agreed with his teacher that art is a form of imitation
• Aristotle - considered art as an aid to philosophy in revealing truth. The kind of imitation that art does is not antithetical to the reaching of fundamental truths in the world. Talking about tragedies for example
• Aristotle - in the Politics claimed that poetry is a literary representation in general. Akin to other art forms, poetry only admits of an attempt to represent what things might be.
•  For Aristotle, all kinds of art including poetry, music, dances, painting, and sculpture do not aim to represent reality as it is. What art endeavors to do is to provide a vision of what might be or the myriad possibilities in reality.
• Plato who thinks that art is an imitation of another imitation. Aristotle conceives art as representing possible versions of reality. 
• Immanuel Kant - In “Critique of Judgment,” considered the judgment of beauty, the cornerstone of art, as something that can be universal despite its subjectivity.
• Immanuel Kant - mentioned that judgment of beauty, and therefore, art, is innately autonomous from specific interests.
• Immanuel Kant - recognized that judgment of beauty is subjective. However, he advanced the proposition that even subjective the proposition that event subjective judgments are based on some criterion for the said judgment
• Leo Tolstoy - The author of War and Peace and Anna Karenina, provided another perspective on what art is
• Leo Tolstoy - defended the production of the sometimes truly extravagant art like operas despite extreme poverty in the world.
• Leo Tolstoy - For him, art plays a huge role in communication to its audience’s emotions that the artist previously experienced. Art then serves as a language, a communication device that articulates feelings and emotions that are otherwise unavailable to the audience.
• Leo Tolstoy - is fighting for the social dimension of art. As a purveyor of man’s innermost feelings and thoughts, art is given a unique opportunity to serve as a mechanism for social unity. Art is central to man’s existence because it makes accessible feelings and emotions of people from the past and present, from one continent to another.
• THREE FUNCTIONS OF ART:

  Personal Functions of Art

  Social Functions of Art

  Physical Function of Art
• Philosophical Perspective on Art:

  Art as an Imitation

  Art as a Representation

  Art as Disinterested Judgment 

  Art as a Communication of Emotion
• Plato - He was convinced that artist merely reinforce the belief in copies and discourage men to reach for the real entities in the World of Forms. 
• Plato - He advises against the inclusion of art as a subject in the curriculum and the banning of artists in the Republic
• PLATO - In _ metaphysics, or view of reality, the things in this world are only copies of the original, the eternal, and the true entities that can only be found in the World of Forms.
• Leo Tolstoy - For him, art plays a huge role in communication to its audience’s emotions that the artist previously experienced.
• Leo Tolstoy - Art then serves as a language, a communication device that articulates feelings and emotions that are otherwise unavailable to the audience.
• PERSONAL FUNCTION OF ART

  • _ _ of art are the reasons why an artist or a viewer creates or appreciates art.
  • They can include self expression, entertainment, therapy, and more.
  • They are highly subjective and depend on the person's feelings, opinions, or needs.
• PHYSICAL FUNCTION OF ART

  • An art crafted in order to serve some physical purpose.
  • Architecture, jewelry making weand even interior design are forms of physical function.