SCIPTQ3

• Distance


  The total length of the path traveled from its initial position to its final position. It refers to how much ground the object has covered during its motion
• Displacement


  Refers to the shortest distance between to object's two positions
• Speed


  How fast a body moves or how fast its position changes. Describes magnitude alone
• Constant speed


  The speed of the object does not change
• Average speed


  The speed changes when the body moves
• Velocity


  When speed and direction are specified in motion
• Acceleration


  How fast the speed the speed of the body changes
• Acceleration


  • A change in speed can mean an increase or decrease in speed. So, a body speeding up or slowing down is accelerated
  • If a body speeds up, the final speed is greater than the initial speed, so the value for the constant speed is positive
  • If a body slows down, the final speed is less than the initial speed, so the value for the constant speed is negative
• Transverse waves


  Vibrate perpendicularly to the direction in which the waves travel. This wave exhibits up-and-down motion
• Longitudinal waves


  Vibrate parallel or back and forth to the direction in which the waves travel
• Surface waves


  A combination of transverse and longitudinal waves. These move in a circular pattern as the waves pass by
• Mechanical waves


  Propagate only through solid, liquid, and gas medium
• Electromagnetic waves


  Do not need a medium to propagate
• Crest


  The highest part of the wave
• Trough


  The lowest part of the wave
• Amplitude


  The maximum displacement of a particle of the medium
• Frequency


  The number of waves that pass a particular point for every unit of time such as one second
• Period


  The time required for one complete wave to pass a particular point
• Speed of waves


  The distance the wave travels per unit of time
• Amplitude of sound


  Refers to the magnitude of compression and rarefaction. The distance between the particles in the areas where it is compressed or refracted
• Frequency of sound


  The number of sound waves a sound produces per second
• Wavelength


  The combined length of a compression and the rarefraction
• Compression


  The region where particles are closest together
• Rarefraction


  The region where particles are farthest together
• Reflection


  Light bounces off an object
• Specular reflection


  Shiny, smooth surfaces (example: glass and water)
• Diffuse reflection


  Very rough surface, reflects in different directions
• Refraction


  The light bends as it moves at different mediums
• Dispersion


  The splitting of white light into its spectrum of colors when passed through a prism
• Prism


  A device used to disperse light
• Electromagnetic spectrum


  The entire distribution of electromagnetic radiation according to frequency or wavelength
• Highest Frequency and shortest wavelength- Gamma ray
• Lowest Frequency and Longest Wavelength - Radio wave
• Lower-frequency waves like radio waves emit less electromagnetic radiation than do higher-frequency rays like gamma ray
• Isaac Newton - "Light behaves like a particle"
• Christian Huygens - "Light behaves like a wave"
• Louie de Broglie - "Light can be a particle and a wave"
• James Clerk Maxwell - "Electromagnetic theory of light"
• Thermal energy


  The energy possessed by an object or system due to the movement of particles within the object or the system
• Thermal energy in solids

  When particles in solid atoms vibrate, the particles will move on their position due to strong attraction between the particles