MCN 2 (lec)

• 1,400 Mothers
• The major complications that account for nearly 75% of all maternal deaths are: 1) Severe bleeding (mostly bleeding after childbirth), 2) Infections (usually after childbirth), 3) High blood pressure during pregnancy (pre-eclampsia and eclampsia), 4) Complications from delivery, 5) Unsafe abortion, 6) Associated with diseases such as malaria, and AIDS during pregnancy
• The majority of all neonatal deaths (75%) occurs during the first week of life, and about 1 million newborns die within the first 24 hours
• The major causes of neonatal mortality are: 1) Preterm birth, 2) Intrapartum-related complications (birth asphyxia or lack of breathing at birth), 3) Infections, 4) Birth defects
• Para


  Number of pregnancies that have reached viability, regardless of whether the infants were born alive or stillbirth
• Gravida


  Number of pregnancies regardless of the outcome
• Primigravida


  Woman who is pregnant for the first time
• Primipara


  Woman who has given birth to one child past age of viability
• Multigravida


  Woman who has been pregnant previously
• Multipara


  Woman who has carried two or more pregnancies to viability
• Nulligravida


  Woman who has never been and is not currently pregnant
• Perinatal period


  Interval between the birth of an infant born after 20 weeks' gestation & the 28 completed days after that birth
• Birth


  Complete expulsion or extraction from the mother of a fetus after 20 weeks' gestation
• Birthweight


  Weight of a neonate determined immediately after delivery or as soon thereafter as feasible, expressed to the nearest gram
• Birth rate


  Number of live births per 1000 population
• Fertility rate


  Number of live births per 1000 females aged 15 through 44 years
• Live birth


  Term used to record a birth whenever the newborn at or sometime after birth breathes spontaneously or shows any other sign of life such as a heartbeat or definite spontaneous movement of voluntary muscles
• Stillbirth or fetal death


  Absence of signs of life at or after birth
• Early neonatal death


  Death of a live born neonate during the first 7 days after birth
• Late neonatal death


  Death after 7 days but before 29 days
• Stillbirth rate or fetal death rate


  Number of stillborn neonates per 1000 neonates born, including live births and stillbirths
• Neonatal mortality rate


  Number of neonatal deaths per 1000 live births
• Perinatal mortality rate


  Number of stillbirths plus neonatal deaths per 1000 total births
• Infant death


  All deaths of live born infants from birth through 12 months of age
• Infant mortality rate


  Number of infant deaths per 1000 live births
• Low birthweight


  A newborn whose weight is < 2500 g
• Very low birthweight


  A newborn whose weight is < 1500 g
• Extremely low birthweight


  A newborn whose weight is < 1000 g
• Term neonate


  A neonate born any time after 37 completed weeks of gestation and up until 42 completed weeks
• Early term neonate


  A neonate born at 37 completed weeks up to 38 6/7 weeks
• Full term neonate


  A neonate born at 39 completed weeks up to 40 6/7 weeks
• Late term neonate


  A neonate born at 41 completed weeks up to 41 6/7 weeks
• Preterm neonate


  A neonate born before 37 completed weeks (the 259th day)
• Postterm neonate


  A neonate born anytime after completion of the 42nd week
• Abortus


  Fetus or embryo removed or expelled from the uterus during the first half of gestation— 20 weeks or less, or in the absence of accurate dating criteria, born weighing < 500 g
• Induced termination of pregnancy

  Purposeful interruption of an intrauterine pregnancy that has the intention other than to produce a liveborn neonate and that does not result in a live birth
• Direct maternal death


  Death of the mother that results from obstetrical complications of pregnancy, labor, or the puerperium & from interventions, omissions, incorrect treatment, or a chain of events resulting from any of these factors
• Indirect maternal death


  Death that is not directly due to an obstetrical cause. Death results from previously existing disease or a disease developing during pregnancy, labor, or the puerperium that was aggravated by maternal physiological adaptation to pregnancy
• Nonmaternal death


  Death of the mother that results from accidental or incidental causes not related to pregnancy
• Maternal mortality ratio


  Number of maternal deaths that result from the reproductive process per 100,000 live births