nervous system

• What is the primary function of the nervous system?

  To respond to environmental changes
• How does a single-celled organism respond to its environment?

  It can respond to its environment directly
• What are the components of the nervous system in multicellular organisms?

  • Nervous systems evolved in multicellular organisms
  • Developed nervous and hormonal communication systems
• What does the nervous system detect and react to?

  Stimuli in the environment
• What are the two main parts of the nervous system?

  Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
• What does the central nervous system consist of in vertebrates?

  Brain and spinal cord only
• How is the CNS connected to the body in mammals?

  Through sensory and motor neurons
• What are the roles of sensory neurons in the nervous system?

  • Carry information as electrical impulses
  • Transmit signals from receptors to the CNS
• What are the roles of motor neurons in the nervous system?

  • Carry electrical impulses from the CNS
  • Effectors respond to signals from the CNS
• What do sensory neurons carry to the CNS?

  Electrical impulses from receptors
• What do motor neurons carry from the CNS?

  Electrical impulses to effectors
• What are the types of receptors associated with sensory neurons?

  • Taste receptors on the tongue
  • Sound receptors in the ears
  • Light receptors in the eyes
• What are the types of effectors associated with motor neurons?

  • Muscles that contract
  • Glands that secrete hormones
• What is the role of receptors in the nervous system?

  To detect stimuli
• How do receptors and effectors work together?

  Receptors detect stimuli, effectors respond
• What are the types of receptors in complex organisms?

  1. Taste receptors
  2. Sound receptors
  3. Light receptors
• What are the types of effectors in complex organisms?

  1. Muscles
  2. Glands
• What do effectors respond to?

  Nervous impulses
• What is the function of muscles as effectors?

  To contract in response to impulses
• What is the function of glands as effectors?

  To secrete hormones in response to impulses
• What are the roles of receptors and effectors in larger organisms?

  • Receptors detect stimuli
  • Effectors respond to stimuli
• What is the role of complex receptors like those in the retina?

  To detect light
• How do receptors form part of larger organs?

  They contribute to complex structures like retinas
• What is the relationship between receptors and complex organs?

  • Receptors are part of larger organs
  • They work together to detect stimuli
• What do effectors do in response to nervous impulses?

  Bring about a change
• How do muscles and glands respond to nervous impulses?

  Muscles contract, glands secrete hormones
• What are the different ways muscles and glands respond to stimuli?

  • Muscles contract
  • Glands secrete hormones
• What is the role of the central nervous system (CNS)?

  Coordinates the response
• How does the CNS coordinate responses?

  By processing information from sensory neurons
• What is the relationship between the CNS and the body?

  • The CNS processes sensory information
  • It coordinates responses through motor neurons
• What is the function of receptors in the nervous system?

  To detect stimuli
• How do receptors and effectors work together in the nervous system?

  Receptors detect stimuli, effectors respond
• What are the roles of receptors and effectors in larger organisms?

  • Receptors detect stimuli
  • Effectors respond to stimuli
• What is the role of complex receptors like those in the retina?

  To detect light
• How do receptors form part of larger organs?

  They contribute to complex structures like retinas
• What is the relationship between receptors and complex organs?

  • Receptors are part of larger organs
  • They work together to detect stimuli
• What do effectors do in response to nervous impulses?

  Bring about a change
• How do muscles and glands respond to nervous impulses?

  Muscles contract, glands secrete hormones
• What are the different ways muscles and glands respond to stimuli?

  • Muscles contract
  • Glands secrete hormones
• What is the role of the central nervous system (CNS)?

  Coordinates the response