LAB

• Hygiene


  The science of health and its maintenance
• Early morning care


  1. Serving a urinal or bedpan to the confined to bed clients

  2. Washing the face and hands

  3. Giving oral care
• Morning care


  1. Provision of breakfast

  2. Providing elimination needs

  3. Bath/shower

  4. Perineal care

  5. Back massages

  6. Oral, nail and hair care

  7. Making the clients bed
• Hours of sleep or PM care

  1. Provision of elimination needs

  2. Washing face and hands

  3. Giving oral care

  4. Giving back rub/ massage
• As needed or PRN care


  Care required as needed by the patient
• Factors Influencing Individual Hygienic Purposes

  • Culture
  • Religion
  • Environment
  • Developmental level
  • Health and energy
  • Personal preferences
• Bed making


  Technique of preparing different types of bed making a taints/clients comfortable or his/her position suitable for a particular condition
• Types of bed


  • Post-operative bed
  • Open bed
  • Closed bed
  • Occupied bed
• Purposes of bed making

  • To make bed with least comfortable to the patient
  • To handle the bed with clothes skillfully while the patient is on bed, giving least disturbance to the occupant
  • To provide a neat, clean and tidy appearance
• Principles to keep in mind in bed making

  • Microorganisms are found everywhere on the skin on the articles used by the client and in the environment. The nurse takes responsibility to take the transference of microorganisms from the source to the new host by the direct or indirect contact or prevent the prevent the multiplication of the microorganisms
  • A safe and comfortable bed will ensure rest, sleep and prevent several complications in bedridden patients. E.g. bedsore, foot drop etc.
  • Systemic ways of functioning saves time, energy and materials
  • Good body mechanics maintain the body alignment and prevents fatigue
• Bed sore


  An ulceration in the skin that is caused by prolonged pressure on a bony or weight bearing part of the body
• Three Primary Causes of Bedsores

  • Risk factors
• Stages of bedsores


  • 4 stages
• Treatment of bedsores
• Therapeutic beds


  Beds made for patients suffering from rheumatism or renal disease
• Hygiene


  The science of health and its maintenance
• Early morning care


  1. Serving a urinal or bedpan to the confined to bed clients

  2. Washing the face and hands

  3. Giving oral care
• Morning care


  1. Provision of breakfast

  2. Providing elimination needs

  3. Bath/shower

  4. Perineal care

  5. Back massages

  6. Oral, nail and hair care

  7. Making the clients bed
• Hours of sleep or PM care

  1. Provision of elimination needs

  2. Washing face and hands

  3. Giving oral care

  4. Giving back rub/ massage
• As needed or PRN care


  Required as needed by the patient
• Factors influencing individual hygienic purposes

  • Culture
  • Religion
  • Environment
  • Developmental level
  • Health and energy
  • Personal preferences
• Principles of body mechanics

  • The wider the base the support, the greater the stability
  • The lower the centre of gravity, the greater the stability
  • The equilibrium of an object is maintained as long as the line of the gravity passes through the base of its support
  • Facing the direction of movement prevents abnormal twisting of the spine
  • Dividing the activity between arms and legs reduces the risk of back injury
  • It is easier to push, pull or roll an object that it is to lift it
  • Movements should be smooth and coordinated rather than jerky
  • When friction is reduced between the object to be moved and the surface on which it is moved, less force is required to move it
  • Use the arm and leg muscles as much as possible, the back muscles as little as possible
  • Keep the work as close as possible to your body. It puts less strains on your legs, arms and back
  • Keep the work at comfortable height to avoid excessive bending at the waist
  • Keep your body in a good physical condition to reduce the chance of injury
  • Rest between periods of work promotes work endurance
• Personal hygiene


  Includes oral hygiene, bathing, eliminating, shaving, brushing and styling hair