Migration

• What is the main reason for the UK's changing population?

  People are constantly moving about
• What has been the trend in net migration in the UK?

  Net migration has been increasing
• What percentage of the UK's population growth is driven by natural increase?

  Roughly half
• What does natural increase refer to in population growth?

  More births than deaths
• Between which years did more people leave the UK than move to it?

  1970 and 1992
• What has been a constant trend since 1970 regarding British people?

  Many British people have left the UK
• Which countries have British people primarily migrated to since 1970?

  Australia, USA, France, and Spain
• What has been the trend in migration to the UK since 1983?

  More people have moved to the UK than left
• What has generally happened to net migration in the last 10 years?

  It has more than doubled
• How has UK immigration policy changed since the Second World War?

  It has increased diversity
• What did the UK encourage after the Second World War?

  Immigration from Commonwealth countries
• What was the purpose of encouraging immigration from Commonwealth countries?

  To fill skills shortages in the UK
• What happened to entry restrictions for immigrants later on?

  Entry was restricted
• What types of skills were made available for immigrants in the UK?

  Desirable skills like IT
• Since 1995, what has the EU allowed regarding movement?

  Free movement of people within member countries
• How has free movement within the EU affected migration to the UK?

  It increased the number of migrants from Europe
• What was the proportion of non-British white people between 2001 and 2011?

  It increased more than any ethnic group
• Which ethnic group became one of the largest non-UK born groups?

  Polish people
• What are the impacts of immigration on the UK population?

  • Affects population distribution
  • Most international migrants move to major cities
  • Popular destinations: London and the West Midlands
  • Alters age structure of the population
  • Increases the number of young migrants (ages 20-29)
  • Raises the birth rate due to migrant families
• How does immigration affect the job market in the UK?

  It fills skill shortages in the workforce
• How do international migrants contribute to the UK economy?

  By filling jobs and paying taxes
• What is one way immigration has changed the UK's cultural landscape?

  Increased cultural diversity
• What is a significant demographic change due to immigration in the UK?

  Growth in the non-British white population
• How does the age structure of the UK population change due to immigration?

  It increases the proportion of younger individuals
• What is the impact of immigration on the birth rate in the UK?

  It raises the birth rate
• How do young migrants influence the UK population?

  They contribute to population growth
• What are the long-term effects of immigration on the UK society?

  It leads to a more diverse and dynamic society
• What geographical area is mentioned in the study material?

  The West Midlands
• How does immigration affect the age structure of the population?

  It increases the number of young migrants
• What is the impact of young migrants on the population?

  They increase the population in their age group
• How does immigration affect the birth rate?

  It increases the birth rate
• What percentage of the UK population do immigrants make up?

  About 13%
• What percentage of babies born in the UK are to immigrants?

  About 27%
• What types of impacts do immigrants have?

  Social and economic impacts
• What are some social impacts of immigration?

  • Introduction of new languages
  • Introduction of diverse foods
  • Enrichment of arts and culture
• How can immigrants create ethnic segregation?

  By living in communities with similar ethnic groups
• What can ethnic segregation lead to?

  Racial tension and violence
• How can local services be affected by immigration?

  They may become strained by increased demand
• What language might children of immigrants speak in schools?

  English as a second or third language
• What economic contributions do immigrants make?

  They contribute through taxes