PMLS Rationalization Lec 1-3 and Lab 1-2

• Vasoconstriction results in the decrease in the blood flow
• The department that analyzes body fluids and tissues for the presence of microorganisms primarily by means of culture and sensitivity testing is Microbiology
• Kinesics


  Characteristics of body motion and language such as facial expression, gestures, and eye contact
• Serology tests deal with the body's response to the presence of bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic body diseases stimulating antigen antibody reactions that can easily be demonstrated in the laboratory
• Critical factors providing health care services that meet the needs of diverse populations


  • Belief and values that shape a person's approach to health and illness
  • Health-related needs of patients and their families according to the environments in which they live
• Blood bank and immunohematology is where blood typing and crossmatching are done
• None of the following are part of the chain of infection
• Phlebotomy dates back to the last period of Stone Age when crude tools punctured vessels and allowed excess blood to drain out of the body
• A painting in the tomb showing the application of a leech to a patient is evidence of bloodletting in Egypt in about 1400 B.C
• True communication is not just about speaking, it is more difficult to communicate than just to speak because effective communication requires the listener to participate
• The most prevalent medical instrument of the times was the Lancet
• The two general categories of facilities in the hospital

  • Inpatient
  • Outpatient, nonambulatory and ambulatory
• Hirudo medicinalis is the European medicinal leech used to spot a needing bloodletting with a drop of milk or blood on the patient's skin
• Kinesics


  The study of nonverbal communication
• Freestanding medical care settings and hospital-owned clinics are classified as Ambulatory care
• Managed care is a generic term for a payment system that attempts to manage cost quality and access to healthcare by


  • Detecting illnesses or risk factors early in the disease process
  • Putting into practice various financial incentives for providers
  • Offering patient education
• The microbiology department analyzes body fluids and tissues for the presence of microorganisms primarily by means of culture and sensitivity testing. Results of the C&S tell the physician the type of organisms present and the particular antibiotics that would be most effective for treatment.
• The blood bank or immunohematology department of the laboratory prepares blood products to be used for patient transfusions. Blood components dispensed include whole blood, platelets, pact cells, fresh frozen plasma, and cryoprecipitates.
• Never store chemicals above eye level is not an electrical safety measure
• Chain of infection


  A sequence of circumstances where all events must occur to develop an infection
• A NIOSH-approved N95 respirator should be worn when entering rooms of patients with diseases spread through airborne transmission
• Surfaces in specimen collection and processing areas should be cleaned with a 1:20 bleach solution during surface decontamination
• Isolation procedures


  Procedures that separate patients with certain transmissible infections from contact with other patients and limit their contact with hospital and personal visitors
• Airborne transmission


  A mode of transmission that involves dispersal of infectious agents that can remain infective for long periods of time in particles that are typically less than 5 micrometers in diameter
• Lab coats are worn to protect skin and to prevent soiling of healthcare workers' clothing during patient care activities in which splashes or sprays of blood or other body fluids are possible
• Indirect contact transmission


  The susceptible host touches contaminated objects
• Chemical reaction


  The 4th component of a fire tetrahedron
• Material Safety Data Sheet

  A document that contains general information as well as precautionary and emergency information for a specific product and should be made available to all employees at all times
• Heat


  A fire component needed to raise temperature of a material until it ignites
• None of the principles involved in radiation exposure are distance, shielding, time
• RACE


  The NFPA code for the order of action in the event of fire
• Causative agent


  The pathogenic microbe responsible for causing an infection
• Direct contact transmission


  A form of contact transmission that refers to the physical transfer of an infectious agent to a susceptible host through close/intimate contact
• Entry pathway


  The way an infectious agent is being taken by a susceptible host
• Shock + heat may detonate

  The meaning of number 3 in reactivity / instability hazards in the NFPA 704 diamond
• Normal material


  The number in health hazards in the NFPA 704 diamond
• Proper hand antisepsis is the single most important means of preventing the spread of infection
• In the event of a body fluid splash to the eyes, the victim should immediately flush eyes with water for 10 minutes
• Types/classes of fire


  • CLASS A - wood/paper
  • CLASS B - flammable liquid
  • CLASS C - electrical equipment
  • CLASS D - combustible metals
  • CLASS K - cooking oils
• Examples of inpatient facilities

  • Acute care hospitals
  • Nursing homes
  • Extended care facilities
  • Rehabilitation centers