modern (1800-2014)

• How did Elizabeth see parliament?

  As her point of contact with he peoples
• Why was the political system not very representative in the 1800s?

  • No secret ballot
  • Bribery
  • MPs were not representing all classes
• What is franchise in history?

  The right to vote in elections
• What was the political nation expanded by in 1832?

  The Great Reform Act
• What did the Great Reform Act fail to achieve?

  • universal suffrage (right to vote for all)
  • still no secret ballot
• What did the Great Reform Act lead to?

  Chartism

  • universal suffrage
  • payments for MPs (so lower classes could be one)
  • no property qualification to become an MP
  • annual Parliament
  • secret ballot
  • equal representation
• What was the result of the 2nd reform act in 1867?

  The electorate doubled to 40%
• What was the result of the 3rd reform act (1884)?

  Electorate rose from 3 million to 5 million
• When was the secret ballot introduced?

  1872
• When was the Trade Union Congress formed?

  1868
• When was the Representation of The People Act passed and what did it do?

  1918 - gave votes to some women and all men over 21
• What was conscription?


  Forced people to enlist in the army - introduced in 1916
• What are conscientious objectors?

  People who refuse to fight - did war work or were put in prison
• What was introduced to keep morale high?

  Propaganda and censorship
• When was rationing introduced?

  1918
• Why were blockades used?

  Blockades were used to cut off essential supplies and weaken the enemy during wartime.
• What flourished during WW2?

  The black market
• When was the Home Guard set up?

  1940
• When did the Labour Party win the election?

  1945 - promise of a new start for people and welfare reform
• What did Margaret Thatcher do?

  Privatise major industries in Britain
• What tax did Margaret Thatcher introduce in 1990?


  Poll tax
• What was the Beveridge report?

  Summary of principles necessary to banish poverty
• What is consensus politics?

  Where parties follow similar policies and are generally in agreement about how to govern the country
• Who were the CND?

  Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament

  • had support of 30% of the country
  • long term protest camps
  • raised awareness but could not force big change
• Who were Greenpeace?


  Environmental activists.

  
  

  • raised awareness of environmental issues
  • carried out direct action protests
  • accused government of being in league with big businesses
• What was the time period of The Troubles in Northern Ireland?

  Late 1960s - 1998
• What was the main goal of Catholics during The Troubles?

  They wanted a nationalist Ireland
• What was the main goal of Protestants during The Troubles?

  They wanted to remain part of Britain
• In what year was the British Army sent to Northern Ireland to restore order?

  1969
• What event occurred in 1972 during The Troubles?

  Bloody Sunday, where 14 people were killed
• What was the significance of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998?

  It was a result of peace talks between the government and the IRA
• What was a major political challenge in the UK in 2015?

  Disengagement and disillusionment with politics
• Why did many young adults not vote in 2015?

  They were disillusioned with politics
• What event began in 2015 that caused massive divisions within the UK?

  The EU Referendum (Brexit)
• Why did David Cameron win the 2015 election?

  He promised to hold a referendum on the UK's EU membership
• What was the outcome of the 2010 UK general election?

  No party achieved a majority, leading to a coalition government
• Why were the Liberal Democrats criticized during the Coalition Government (2010-2015)?

  They failed to prevent massive cuts to health, welfare, and education
• Which party has grown in stature in recent years?

  The Scottish National Party
• What role did UKIP play in UK politics?

  They helped force the Brexit vote
• What were the key factors contributing to public disillusionment with politics in 2015?

  • Scandals (e.g., MPs expenses)
  • Politicians seeming detached from the "real world"
  • Public division and lack of voting agreement
  • Low voter turnout