hormomal control of human reproductive system

• Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is responsible for stimulating the growth of ovarian follicles in females and sperm production in males.
• Menstruation is the elimination of the thickened lining of the uterus(endumetrium) from the body through the vagina as blood

  
  

  The average of length of a period is between three days or one week
• The endocrine system is composed of different glands which secrete hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, mood, and reproduction. Hormones are organic substances released by the glands of the endocrine system directly into the bloodstream.
• Ovary - produces estrogen and progesterone during ovulation and menstruation.
• Hypothalamus - located at the base of the brain, it secretes GnRH to stimulate FSH and LH release from the pituitary gland.
• Pituitary gland - also known as the master gland, it releases FSH and LH in response to GnRH secreted by the hypothalamus.
• Fallopian tubes - transport eggs to the uterus and serve as sites for fertilization.
• Vagina - passageway for semen during sexual intercourse and birth canal during childbirth.
• Uterus - where fertilization occurs and pregnancy takes place.
• Pituitary gland - located below the hypothalamus, it releases FSH and LH in response to GnRH secreted by the hypothalamus.
• Cervix - connects the vagina with the uterus and plays a role in sexual intercourse and childbirth.
• Vagina - serves as an exit pathway for sperm and menstrual flow.
• Ovaries - produce estrogen and progesterone, store ova (eggs), and secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
• Cervix - lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina.
• Cervix - connects the vagina with the uterus and is responsible for producing mucous that changes throughout the menstrual cycle.
• Cervix - the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina.
• Menarche - first menstrual period, usually occurring between ages 10-16 years old.
• Testicles - produce sperm cells and testosterone.
• Estrogens (Estradiol) - produced mainly by ovaries, they promote female secondary sex characteristics such as breast development, widening of hips, and increased fat deposition.
• Endometrium - inner layer of the uterus that thickens during the menstrual cycle and sheds during menstruation.
• Epididymis - stores sperm cells until they are ready to be ejaculated.
• Testicles/testis - responsible for producing testosterone and storing sperms.
• Semen - fluid containing sperm cells produced by the male reproductive system.
• Ovulation - release of an ovum from one of the ovaries.
• Progesterone - produced by the corpus luteum or placenta, it prepares the endometrium for implantation and maintains pregnancy.
• Seminal vesicle - secretes alkaline fluid into semen.
• Pituitary gland


  Small endocrine gland located at the base of the brain that regulates various bodily functions by releasing hormones into the bloodstream
• Master gland

  Another name for the pituitary gland, reflecting its critical role in regulating the endocrine system
• Ovary


  Small, almond-shaped glands located on either side of the uterus that produce and release eggs (or ova) during ovulation. They also produce hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.
• pituitary glan-it is connected to every part of endocrine system
• hormones release in the female reproductive gland

  • estrogen-influences the development of the secondary sex characteristics during puberty
  • progesterone-helps the body for the potential pregnancy
• the ovary releases egg every 28 days
• luteinizing hormone(LH)-triggers ovulation and causes the remaining follicle to develop into a corpus luteum
• follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)-stimulates growth of follicles in the ovary which contain the egg cells
• ovulation-release of mature egg from one of the ovaries
• male reproductive organs include testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, penis, scrotum
• testes-produce sperm and male sex hormone called testosterone
• seminal vesicle-gland located near bladder that produces fluid component of semen
• menstruation-the lining of the uterus shed
• ovulation-an egg is released from the follice