post mortem

• analysis of a persons brain after death. these people normally have a rare disorder and experienced unusual deficits. able to examine the likely cause of the disorder and can be compared ton a neurotypical brain.
• +vital in providing foundation of early evidence of key processes. wernicke and broca relied on pme to establish link between language. brain and behaviour before neuroimaging is possible . used to study HM's brain to identify area ofn damaged which caused memory deficits. therefore it provides useful information
• -ethical issues of consent before death as not able to provide informed consent. HM unable to provide consent as he would not be able to remember that he consent as he was unable to retain short term memories and convert them to long term memories after the damage. therefore ethical issues challenges the usefulness