biodiversity

• Biodiversity is the variety of living organisms in an area. 
• A community is all the populations of different species in a habitat. 
• Local biodiversity is the variety of different species living in a small area (like a pond). Some habitats will be more diverse than others. 
• Global biodiversity is the variety of different species on the planet.  
• Species richness is a measure of the number of different species in a community. The population size and species richness affect biodiversity. 
• Simpsons index of biodiversity is a measure of biodiversity. 
• N = total number of organisms of all species 

  n = total number of organisms of one species. 

  
• The higher d the more diverse the area is. If all individuals are the same species the index is 1. 
• Agriculture causes imbalances in biodiversity. 
• Methods of reductions of biodiversity:

  • Woodland clearance 
  • Hedge removal 
  • Pesticides 
  • Herbicides 
  • Monocultures 
• Conservation schemes:

  • Buffer strips 
  • A limit on hedge cutting 
  • Designations like SSSIs 
  • Environmental stewardship scheme