institutional racism

• individual racism

  -prejudicial treatment of members of ethnic group

  -where discrimination based on prejudiced views of individuals
• institutional racism


  -where discrimination against ethnic group is built into way institutions operate
• Troyna & Williams 


  -racism goes beyond individual teachers

  -institutional racism : discrimination built into way schools & colleges operate
• Hatcher


  -schools governing bodies fail to deal with racism / address needs to ethnic minority pupils

  -found little communication between schools & parents
• KEY THEORY : critical race theory - Gillborn


  -sees racism as ingrained feature of society

  -institutional racism example of 'locked-in inequality'

  -Gillborn sees ethnic equality as "so deep-rooted & so large that it's practically inevitable feature of education system"
• critical race theorists

  how education institutionally racist:

  > marketisation & segregation

  > ethnocentric curriculum

  > assessment

  > access to opportunities

  > the 'new IQism'