common acids-bases indicators

• Acidic solutions have a pH less than 7, while alkaline/basic solutions have a pH greater than 7.
• A solution with a pH of 7 is neutral (neither acidic nor basic).
• The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning that each whole number change represents a tenfold increase or decrease.
• Neutral substances have a pH equal to 7.
• An indicator is a substance that changes color depending on the pH of its environment.
• The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, where lower numbers indicate more acidic conditions and higher numbers indicate more basic conditions.
• Different indicators have different colors at different pH levels, allowing them to be used to determine the approximate pH range of a sample.
• Located in table M on reference table
• colors bwt. pH range = transition range

  transitions from the color in the left to the color in the right & vice versa
• Acidic substances: turn to the color in left if its pH is below the range.
• Basic substances: turn to the color on the right if its pH is above the range.
• Indicators: substances that change color when exposed to solutions of different pH values
• Acidic: lower ph (below 7) and much H+
• Base: High pH (higher than 7) & much of OH-
• On pH scale, h+ concentration is balanced to OH- concentration.

  Together, they add up to 14