A solute is the solid part of a solution e.g. salt in a salt water.
A solvent is the liquid part of a solution e.g. water in salt water
A solution is a homogenous mixture of a solute and solvent e.g. salt water
A saturated solution is a solution in which the maximum amount of any solvent has been dissolved. Any more solute added will sit at the bottom of the containter.
An unsaturated solution is a solution which can dissolve more solute. For example, a glass of water to which only one teaspoon of sugar is added is an unsaturated solution.
A supersaturated solution is a solution that is holding more dissolved solid that it can normally hold at that temperature. For example, supersaturated solutions of sugar and water are commonly used to make rock candy.
Separating Immiscible Liquids:
Liquids are said to be immiscible if they do not mix together. A good example is oil and water. Immiscible liquids can either be separated by decantation or by the use of a separatingfunnel.
Separating Miscible Liquids
Miscible liquids are liquids that can mix together. An example includes water and alcohol. Miscible liquids can be separated by fractional distillation. Fractional distillation separates liquids by their boiling points.
Solubility is the quantity of solute that dissolves in a given quantity of solvent to form a saturated solution.
Effect of Temperature on Solubility:
As the temperature increases, so does the solubility of salts. Most substances are more soluble in hot water than in cold water.
The Solubility Curve of KNO3 and NaCl:
The solubility curve shows that the solubilities of potassium nitrate and sodium chloride increases with temperature.
