psychology

    Cards (19)

    • Psychology
      The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
    • Behavior
      • Outward or overt actions and reactions
    • Mental processes
      • Internal and covert activity of our minds
    • Psychology as a science
      • Prevents possible biases from leading to faulty observations
      • Precise and careful measurement
    • Four goals of psychology
      1. Description
      2. Explanation
      3. Prediction
      4. Control
    • Historical figures in psychology
      • Plato
      • Aristotle
      • Rene Descartes
      • John Locke
      • Charles Darwin
      • Francis Galton
      • Ernst Weber
      • Gustav Fechner
      • Herman von Helmholtz
    • Wilhelm Wundt
      Father of modern psychology, established first experimental psychology lab, developed technique of objective introspection
    • Structuralism
      • Focused on the structure or basic elements of the mind
    • Functionalism
      • Focused on how the mind allows people to adapt, live, work, and play to their surroundings
    • Gestalt psychology
      • Believed that the human mind imposes meaning to related experiences, advocated holistic study of human behavior
    • Psychoanalysis
      • Stressed the importance of early childhood experiences, proposed the existence of an unconscious mind
    • Behaviorism
      • Focused on observable behavior only, based on the work of Ivan Pavlov and John B. Watson
    • Psychodynamic
      • Modern version of psychoanalysis, focuses on the role of the unconscious mind and its influence on conscious behavior and early childhood experiences
    • Behavioral
      • Focuses on how behavioral responses are learned through classical or operant conditioning
    • Humanistic
      • Focuses on human potential, free will, and possibility of self-actualization
    • Cognitive
      • Focuses on how people think, remember, store, and use information
    • Sociocultural
      • Focuses on the relationship between social behavior and culture
    • Biopsychological
      • Focuses on the biological bases of behavior and mental processes
    • Evolutionary psychology

      • Focuses on the biological bases of universal mental characteristics that all humans share