changing economic qorld\

Subdecks (3)

Cards (61)

  • development
    the progress of a country in terms of economic growth, the use of technology and human welfare.
  • GNI
    gross national income
  • demographic transition model
  • falling birthrate shows economic development, because less women are having children because they're focussing on careers and are in education.
  • demographic transition model
    1 - high fluctuating: high birth rate, high death rate, population fairly unstable
    2 - early expanding: death rate decreases, birth rate remains high, population grows
    3 - late expanding: birth rate drops rapidly, death rate continues to decrease, population still grows as fast.
    4 - low fluctuating: low birth rate, low death rate, birth rate fluctuates depending on economic situation.
    5 - natural decrease: birth rate falls below death rate, death rate increase slightly (aging population), total population decreases.
  • immigrant
    a person who moves into a country
  • emigrant
    a person who moves out of a country
  • economic migrant
    a person who moves voluntarily to seek a better life, such as a better paid job
  • refugee
    a person forced to move from their country of origin often as a result of civil war
  • displaced person

    a person forced to move from their home but who stays in their country of origin
  • bottom up strategy
    small scale approaches involving local people
  • top down strategy
    large-scale, capital intensive with involvement from big companies, charities and government
  • outside in strategy
    intervention from outside the country (FDI)
  • FDI
    foreign direct investment
  • how to reduce the development gap
    share resources
    government increasing pay
    solar schools
    dams - hydroelectric power, water for agriculture
  • microhydro scheme
    benefits:
    small business
    healthcare - vaccines stored in fridges because of constant electricity supply
    improved quality of life
    reliable energy supply - energy security
    online education
  • HIC
    high income country
  • NEE
    newly emerging economy
  • LIC
    low income country
  • HIC
    $12500 +
  • LIC
    <$1000
  • HDI
    human development index
    > combines 4 factors
    • literacy rate
    • life expectancy
    • education
    • standard of living
  • what are the 4 factors of HDI
    life expectancy, education, literacy rate, standard of living
  • GNI
    gross national income - value of everything produced in a country in a year
  • GNI limitations
    inaccurate
    out of date
    doesn't dow variation - poor, rich
  • DTM 1
    high fluctuating - high birth and death rates
  • DTM 2
    early expanding - development in healthcare and sanitation = lower death rate
    population rises rapidly
  • DTM 3
    late expanding - birth rate decreases - education + contraception
    population slows but continues rising
  • DTM 4
    low fluctuating - birth rate and death rates low and fluctuating
    large population but growth slows
  • DTM 5
    decline - birth rates fall below death rates
    population declines
  • what stage of the DTM id the uk in?
    4 - low fluctuating
  • 3 causes of uneven development
    physical, historical, economic
  • economic causes of uneven development
    trade already developed in other countries, tariff rises, produce only primary products, in debt
  • historical causes of uneven development
    have been colonised - only developed to produce raw materials for manufacture in European countries
    long history of war/ conflict - no stability
  • physical causes of uneven development
    landlocked, diseases, poor soil, natural hazards
  • consequences of uneven development
    uneven wealth
    international migration - poor to rich
  • emergency aid

    short term aid
  • development aid 

    develop long term projects
  • bilateral aid
    one gov. send aid to another gov.
  • multilateral aid
    governments send aid to international organisations