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Health and Nutrition
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Ithika Parvez
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Macronutrients
Carbohydrates
,
Fat
,
Protein
Micronutrients
Water
,
Vitamins
,
minerals
Carbohydrates
function
Most readily available and the body's preferred source of
energy.
Carbohydrates
food sources
Breads,
Rice,
Pasta,
Honey,
Fruit,
Vegetables
Fats Function
Protects
organs
,
insulates
the body providing
warmth
, regulates body
temperature.
Fats Food Source
Monounsaturated
- olives,
nuts
, avocadoes
Polyunsaturated
- Fish, seeds,
plant-based
oils
Saturated
-
Butter
, eggs, cheese
Trans
-
Cakes
, pies, biscuits
Protein functions
Builds and repairs
muscles
,
skin
,
hormones
and
hair
Protein food sources
All
animal
products,
Wholegrain
cereals,
Fish
Vitamin C function
Builds
collagen
, helps
blood
production
Vitamin C food sources
Kiwi
,
Oranges
,
Strawberries
Minerals -
Calcium
function
Strengthens
bones
and
teeth
, helps blood
clotting
Minerals - Calcium food source
Milk
,
Cheese
,
Yogurt
Water function
Soft
tissue production, component of
blood
Water food source
Water
,
milk
, foods with
water
content
Carbohydrates is stored as
glycogen
in the body.
Obesity
relates to having
excess
body
weight
in the form of
fat
(
30
+ BMI).
Obesity - Risk Factors
Cardiovascular
disease, Type
2 Diabetes
,
Hypertension
How does obesity effect mental health and wellbeing?
Body image
Insecurities
Self
Esteem
Low
confidence
How does obesity effect physical health and wellbeing?
Can get diseases like
CVD
, Type
2 Diabetes
or
hypertension
How does obesity effect social health and wellbeing?
Not being able to engage in
physical
activities with friends
Having
low confidence
may not want them to interact with others outside of their home
Why is excessive sugar consumption a problem?
It can lead to problems like
weight gain
,
diabetes
,
dental issues
and
unhealthy blood sugar levels.
Long Term Disease of Excessive Sugar Consumption
Obesity
Diabetes
Liver
Disease
4 Types of Fat
Monounsaturated
(good)
Polyunsaturated
(good)
Saturated
(bad)
Trans
(very bad)
The function of monounsaturated fats is that
lowers
LDL.
Monounsaturated food sources
Olives
,
Nuts
,
Avocadoes
The function of polyunsaturated fats is that it
helps
the
immune system.
Polyunsaturated food sources
Fish
,
seeds
,
plant-based oils
The function of saturated fats is that it
raises
LDL
levels.
Saturated food sources
Butter
,
eggs
,
cheese
The function of trans fat is that it
raises
LDL
and
lowers
HDL
Trans food sources
Cakes
,
pies
,
biscuits
The function of fibre is that it
cleans
the
digestive system
and helps
improve bowel movements.
Also makes you feel
'full'.
The function of water is that it keeps you
hydrated
, involved
soft tissue
production and is a component of
blood.
Why is protein consumption important during recovery from exercise?
Because every time you go to exercise, your
stretch
and
strengthen
your
muscles
which then needs you to consume
protein
to build more
muscle
cells.
Factors that impact positively on food choices
Education
on what foods are good, what are bad
Prices
: unhealthy foods may cost more than healthier foods, people would buy healthier foods
Factors that impact negatively on food choices
Comfort eating
: someone may like to eat unhealthier foods because they feel comfortable eating it
Eating as bored
: Consuming extra food that the body may not need leading to weight gain and an unhealthy lifestyle.
Kilojoule
A measurement of energy
Nutrient
A chemical compound (such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, water, minerals and proteins) contained in foods.