inquiry and research

• Inquiry

  A learning process that motivates you to obtain knowledge or information about people, things, places, or events.

  • Investigating or asking questions about something you are inquisitive about.
  • Collecting data, meaning, facts, and information.
  • It is a problem-solving technique.
• Inquiry-based learning

  It is a way of obtaining knowledge about your surroundings. Takes place in many ways
• John Dewey

  Theory of connected experience for exploratory and reflective thinking. 
• Lev Vygotsky


  Zone of Proximal Development (DPD). It stresses the essence of provocation and scaffolding in learning. - what a learner can and cannot do with/out assistance
• Jerome Bruner


  Theory on learners’ varied world perceptions for their interpretative thinking of people and things around them.
• Benefits of inquiry-based learning

  These benefits are crucial to the success of anyone in the 21st century;

  1. Elevates interpretative thinking through graphic skills.
  2. Improve student learning abilities. 
  3. Widens learners’ vocabulary
  4. Facilitates problem-solving acts. 
  5. Increases social awareness and cultural knowledge. 
  6. Encourage cooperative learning.
  7. Provides mastery of procedural knowledge
  8. Encourages higher-order thinking strategies
  9. Hastens conceptual understanding.
• Inquiry vs Research

  Inquiry: Generating questions and seeking out answers

  Research: Follows a scientific and systematic process to establish facts and reach new conclusions
• Nature of research

  It is a systematic investigation or inquiry entailing collection of data, documentation of critical information, analysis, interpretation of information. (Williams, 2007). It carries out a particular order of research stages
• Importance of research

  1. Research aims for the truth.
  2. Improves quality of life. 
  3. Research saves a life. 
  4. Gathers the necessary information.
  5. Research explores humanity.
• Purpose of research

  1. To learn how to work scientifically or systematically.
  2. To have an in-depth knowledge of something. 
  3. To improve reading and writing skills.
  4. To be familiar with the basic tools of research. 
  5. To free oneself from the domination of a strong influence of a single textbook.
  6. To elevate your mental abilities by letting you thinking in higher-order thinking strategies (HOTS)
• Applied Research


  It is directed toward the solution of an immediate, specific, practical problem.
• Pure research


  It is concerned with the formulation of a theory or a contribution to the existing body of knowledge.
• Historical Research


  It concerns the causes, effects or trends relating to past events that may shed light on the present practices or behavior.
• Descriptive


  It focuses on EXPLAINING “what” is happening in a given situation, problem, or phenomenon. These effects are determined through demonstration, then true control of behavior or the environment becomes possible.
• Experimental Research

  To determine and measure the effectiveness of their operation under given circumstances.
• Research should be systematic

  • It needs to carry out a series of interrelated steps in conducting the study.
• Research should be objective 

  • It must present information that are purely based on the truths.
• Research should be feasible

  • It needs to consider the possibility and practicality of conducting the proposed study.
• Research should be empirical

  • It must employ appropriate methods, either quantitatively or qualitatively, to produce evidence-based information.
• Research should be clear

  • It uses comprehensible language to present information and convey explanation throughout the research process.
• Conceptual phase


  Identifying the problem. Reviewing the literature. Formulating hypothesis. Developing framework. Determining purpose and objectives.

  1. Defining problem - consider the area of interest, funds, socio-economic siginificance, safety measures
  2. Review the literature - knowing the previous works related to the topic
  3. Formulate hypothesis - theoretical statement in solving a logical relationship
• Designing and Planning phase

  Selecting a research design. Developing study procedures, determining the sampling and data collection plan

  4. Prepare the research design - identify the means to collect and analyze the data
• Empirical Phase

  Collecting data, preparing data for analysis

  5. Data collection - use an appropriate collection method
• Analytic phase

  Analytical data, interpeting and making conclusions

  6. Analyze data - use strategies and methods that make sense of the data to answer the research problem
• Dissemination phase


  Communicating results to appropriate audience, utilizing findings

  7. Interpet and report findings - put the info into perspective and present the solution to the proposed problem