Module 1 and 2

• Volcano refers to a mountain or hill, having a crater or vent in which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are erupted from the Earth's crust.
• Summit - Highest point of the volcano.
• Slopes - Sides or flanks of a volcano.
• Base - Lower outer part of the volcano.
• Magma Chamber - Where molten rock or magma is deposited or stored before eruption.
• Main Vent - Main opening on the surface of a volcano that emits lava, gases, or other volcanic materials.
• Conduit - Central tube-like structure of a volcano that connects magma chamber to crater.
• Side Vent - Smaller outlet where magma escapes.
• Crater - Mouth of the volcano where magma. ash. and gas comes out.
• Lava - Molten rock given off onto the surface of the Earth.
• Cinder cone - Simplest type of volcano. Blobs of solidified lava ejected from a single vent. Ex. Taal, Smith, Mayabobo, Musuan
• Composite volcanoes - A large, typically steep-sided, symmetrical cones and has multiple vents. Ex. Mayon, Arayat, Kanlaon, Apo
• Shield volcanoes - Large, broad volcanoes that look similar to shields from above. Ex. Mauna Loa
• Active volcanoes are volcanoes that have had at least one eruption during the past 10,000 years.
• Inactive volcanoes are volcanoes that have not erupted for the last 10,000 years.
• Phreatic - Steam-driven eruption as the hot rocks come in contact with water.
• Phreatomagmatic - Violent eruption due to contact of water and magma.
• Strombolian - Weak to violent fountain eruption.
• Vulcanian - Tall eruption that reach up to 20km high with pyroclastic flow and ash fall tephra.
• Plinian - Excessively explosive type of eruption of gas and pyroclasic materials.
• Crystal Content - High temperature minerals are formed as magma which cools down and crystallizes.
• Viscosity - Low viscosity means low silica content. Magma with high temperatures have low viscosity.
• Temperature - Reflects melting points of their mineral components.