Module 6-10

• Mechanical maintenance requires hand tools, torque tools, special flaring tools and other specialized tools
• Pipe wrench


  • Heavy duty pipe wrenches mainly used with threaded pipes
  • Tightening and loosing tasks of pipes and other large circular parts mainly used with threaded fittings
• Reversible chain pipe wrench


  • Reversible chain pipe wrench mainly used with threaded pipes
  • Tightening and loosing tasks pipes with large diameters
• Torque wrench


  • Click type torques wrenches with reversible ratchets
  • Tightening purpose using specific tightening value adjusted as required
• Double ended hexagon


  • Double ended hexagon wrenches used mainly to tighten and loose socket hexagon nuts
  • Tightening and loosing tasks cap nuts and socket nuts
• Hammer wooden shaft


  • Used to light tightening operations
  • Tightening and loosing tasks of bolts and nuts
• Sledge hammer


  • Used to for installation and dismantle of delicate parts as bearing
  • Tightening and loosing tasks for especial parts as bearings and mechanical seal to perform light force on it
• Wrench, open and offset ring ends


  • Used to tighten or lose any nuts or screw using hands according to size
  • Tightening and loosing tasks of bolts & nuts with different sizes
• Open end slogging wrench


  • Used to tighten or lose any nuts or screw using hammer according to size
  • Tightening and loosing tasks of large nuts usually using hammer to ensure max. tightening
• Hand drills


  The two primary styles of hand drills are the push drill and the hand brace. Push drills are useful for making the pilot holes and setting the hinges. A hand brace is especially useful when operating in restricted areas due to its ratchet function
• Fasteners


  Fastener tools are always the first tools picked for a handyman's toolbox. They're simply instruments that help you add fasteners, such as nails, bolts, and adhesives. Fastener methods include hammers, screwdrivers, screws, and clamps
• Hammers


  • The most common hammer is a carpenter's curved nail hammer; 16 ounces is a reasonable size for men and 14 ounces for women. It is steel-coated, wood-coated or steel-coated and used to drive nails and other fasteners. The claw at one end of the head is a two-legged arch used to dig nails out of wood. The other parts of the head are the face and the eye. A flat-faced or flat-faced hammer is ideal for beginners to use, but it is more difficult to push a nail flush to the work surface. A rubber mallet comes in handy when you're trying to break down painted windows or have to do light hammering on surfaces that can be harmed. Other specialty hammers include a ball-peen hammer for metal working and a mason hammer for brick and mortar projects
• Screwdrivers

  • Each toolbox should have one set of high-quality screwdrivers that are only used for tightening and loosening screws. There are several types of screwdrivers, which differ depending on the screw head, each of which is made to match. Standard head - Also referred to as a flat, slotted, or straight screwdriver. Make sure that the tip is the correct width and thickness to match the screw-head slot. Phillips head - Often known as cross or X-head screwdrivers, the Phillips head fits into a cross-shaped recess in the screw or bolt head. Torx head - Torx head (or similar designs called Robertson) screwdrivers fit into a square or hexagonal socket, which allows more torque to be used to tighten or loosen the fastener
• Wrenches


  • The purpose of the wrench is to turn the head or nut of the bolt. Choosing the right wrench depends on the nature and size of the fastener. It can also depend on how difficult the fastener is to hit. Wrench styles include the open end, the mix, the flexible one and Allen. Box end - The box or closed end wrench is used where there is space to position the wrench around the fastener. Box end keys are available in 6-and 12-point models to match the number of sides on the fastener. Hexagon fasteners have six sides, or points, and are the most common. Open end - This form of wrench is used for turning fasteners in places where the end-of-box wrench cannot be used. Combination - A combination wrench has ends that carry out unique tasks. One end may be open and the other closed, one may be offset and the other straight
• Wrench


  Tool used to turn the head or nut of a bolt
• Choosing the right wrench

  • Depends on the nature and size of the fastener
  • Can depend on how difficult the fastener is to hit
• Wrench styles


  • Open end
  • Box end
  • Flexible
  • Allen
• Box end wrench


  Used where there is space to position the wrench around the fastener
• Box end wrench


  • Available in 6-point and 12-point models to match the number of sides on the fastener
  • Hexagon fasteners have six sides and are the most common
• Open end wrench


  Used for turning fasteners in places where the box end wrench can't fit
• Combination wrench


  Has ends that carry out unique tasks, e.g. one end open and the other closed, one offset and the other straight, or fractionally different dimensions
• Adjustable wrench


  Can be used on a number of fastener sizes, but is less stable than a fixed-size wrench and can easily hurt you or damage the fastener
• Socket wrench


  • Fits over the fastener, making removal simpler and safer than most wrenches
  • Come in regular and extended depth, with extensions available
• Allen wrench


  • Used on fasteners with a hexagonal hole in the head
  • Available with L-shaped or T-shaped handles
• Pliers


  • Extension of your fingers, used to grab and hold a part
  • Should not be used as fasteners to tighten or loosen
• Types of pliers

  • Slip-joint
  • Groove-joint
  • Needle-nose
  • Locking
• Slip-joint pliers


  Have two settings in the handle that allow for two widths, handles are closed together to force the jaw around the part and hold it securely
• Groove-joint pliers


  Similar to slip-joint but use an elongated hole in the handle with grooves that allow for several widths
• Needle-nose pliers


  Have jaws that come to a point to firmly grasp small parts or wires, particularly in tight locations
• Locking pliers


  Adjustable and can be locked to hold a part in place
• Vampliers


  Pliers with vertical and horizontal clamps built to grip small, round screw heads better than regular pliers
• Common hand tools for computer repair

  • Flat-tip screwdrivers
  • Philips-head screwdrivers
  • Torx screwdrivers
  • Nut drivers
  • Wire cutters
  • Needle-nose pliers
  • Wire strippers
  • Crimping tools
• Flat-tip screwdrivers


  Used to turn slotted screws
• Philips-head screwdrivers


  Used to tighten or loosen cross-headed screws
• Proper Storing of hand tools/instruments

  • Make sure the location is well-protected from disruptive factors

  2. Do not store precision instruments where they can bump against each other

  3. Keep measuring instruments stored in a place as far away as possible from vibration and movement

  4. Always store tools in a dry place, never leave them outdoors

  5. Precision measuring tools should never be put near any magnetic material
• Torx screwdrivers


  • Used to fasten or detach screws with a star-shaped depression
  • Provide a firmer grip and don't move easily
• Nut drivers


  Similar to screwdrivers but have a hollow shaft to provide strength for tightening/loosening bolts and nuts
• Wire cutters


  Used for stripping and cutting wires
• Needle-nose pliers


  Provide cutting and holding functions, useful for hardware/electronics repair due to pointed tip
• Wire strippers


  Pliers with blades that act like scissors to strip the insulation off wires