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• Contemporary art refers to works of art made by living artists
• It is difficult to define the actual starting point of contemporary art since it is in constant motion, and what is considered contemporary art today may not be true in the future
• Contemporary art


  • Assessed thematically and subjectively
  • Driven by both theory and ideas
  • Characterized by the relationship between art and cultural experience (television, cinema, mass media, entertainment, and digital technology)
• Contemporary Philippine art refers to art produced by Filipino artists from different regions in the Philippines in the 21st century
• Contemporary performance art


  • Hybrid work that integrates text, dance, objects, music, costumes, lighting, image, sound, sets, and vocal expression
  • Complex interactive systems
  • Often non-narrative, technically rigorous, and carefully orchestrated anarchic chaos
  • Unsettle perception, demand critical engagement from audiences, address conceptual debates within aesthetics, draw on diverse cultural interests, and bring pleasure to populations across the globe
• Characteristics of contemporary art

  • Mirrors contemporary culture and society
  • Consider current ideas and rethink the familiar
  • Dynamic combination of materials, methods, concepts, and subjects
  • Challenges traditional boundaries and defies easy definition
  • Diverse and eclectic
  • Lack of a uniform organizing principle, ideology, or -ism
  • Give voice to the varied and changing cultural landscape of identity, values, and beliefs
  • Reflects a wide range of materials, media, and technologies
• Classification of contemporary Philippine art

  • Dominant/Mainstream - Foreign-influenced, industry-driven, technology-assisted, oriented for mass consumption (e.g. Ogie Alcasid, Sarah Geronimo)
  • Alternative - Social realist and/or advocacy-oriented (e.g. Joey Ayala, Grace Nono, Kidlat Tahimik)
  • Traditional/Indigenous - Preserves local traditions (e.g. GAMABA awardees - Samaon Sulaiman, Lang Dulay)
• Artist groups/collectives in the Philippines have collaborative and interdisciplinary practices
• Examples of artist groups/collectives in the Philippines

  • 98B COLLABoratory
  • Ugatlahi Artist Collective
  • Sipat Lawin Ensemble
  • Neo-Angono Artists Collective
  • Anino Shadowplay Collective
  • Gerilya
  • Pinikpikan
• Historical influences on Philippine art

  • Ethnic
  • Spanish
  • American
  • Japanese
  • Contemporary
• Baybayin/Alibata was the first writing system in the Philippines
• Ethnic influences on Philippine art

  • Dance - Pandanggo sa Ilaw
  • Pottery - Mindanao & Visayas
  • Weaving - Ifugao
  • Architecture - Bahay Kubo
  • Folk literatures - Kwentong Bayan
• Spanish colonial influences on Philippine art

  • Piano (introduced by Spaniards)
  • First Mass (Limasawa Island)
  • First Christians (Rajah Humabon & Reyna Juana)
  • Dance
  • Literature - Doctrina Christiana en lengua espanola y tagala (first published book in the Philippines)
  • Architecture - Churches
  • Theatrical plays - Zarzuela (Spanish opera, theatrical play that contains musical acts)
• American colonial influences on Philippine art

  • Urbanization
  • Consumerism
  • Rise of the middle class
  • Change in the political system
  • Secularization
  • Emergence of new technology
  • Avant-garde in nature
  • Filipinos sent abroad to study
• The Oblation is a symbol of the University of the Philippines, created by Guillermo Tolentino
• Definitions of art


  • Derived from the Latin word ars/artis which means to do or man-made/skill
  • A medium of expression to express ideas, emotions, and feelings
  • Creative activity that involves skill or expertise in handling materials and organizing them into something new
  • A product of man's need to express himself
  • Applied to express ideas by the use of skill and imagination in the creation of objects and experiences that can be shared to others
  • The communication of ideas and feelings by means of medium, color, sound, bronze, marble, words, and film
  • The beauty of the world
  • An attitude of spirit, a state of mind-one that demands its own satisfaction and fulfillment
  • The skillful arrangement of nature such as colors sounds, lines, movements, words, stones, wood, etc., and to express human feelings
• Importance of art


  • Satisfies the needs for personal expression
  • Develops our skills to express ourselves
  • Challenges us to see things differently
  • Unleashes our hidden desires and passion
  • Can change our ways in life
  • Sees the truth that we might not understand before
  • Gives pleasure, satisfaction and gratification
• Functions of art


  • Most important means of expression developed by man
  • To express beauty
  • To give a man a moment of relaxation and spiritual happiness
  • To serve as a channel of man's passion
  • To reform man
  • To overcome the feelings of restlessness and loneliness
• Art appreciation


  The ability to interpret or understand man-made arts and enjoy them either through actual and work-experience with tools and materials or possession of these works for satisfaction
• Work of art


  • An activity that involves both imagination and skill in accomplishing it
  • A thing of beauty having aesthetic value; obra maestra that provides aesthetic value to viewers
  • Must have an artistic and literary merit
  • A symbolic state of meaning rather than having a practical function
• Subject of art


  The subject matter may vary, usually anything that is represented in the artwork. It may be a person, object, scene, or event
• Contemporary art forms refer to fields of art such as painting, drawing, dancing, music, sculpture, architecture, etc.
• Contemporary Philippine art refers to works of art that have developed and accumulated in the Philippines from the beginning of civilization in the country up to the present era
• In Philippine art, one notes the various shades, lines, and tones, and even the contrasting characters that have been absorbed and blended into new forms that are particularly Filipino
• Contemporary art forms from the Philippines

  • Ivatans - Use a headgear called Vacul, made from the fibers of vuyavuy palm
  • Vases and statues crafted in the Cordillera region (Baguio and Benguet area)
  • Morions masks - Moriones denote the masked and costumed penitents who march around the town for seven days searching for Longinus
  • Visayan Region Masskara - Mask is a prominent feature of the festival
  • Panay Islands - Inhabitants are known for having tattoos or pinta which symbolizes their "kaisugan" or valor or bravery
  • Mindanao - Muslim people of Zamboanga are renowned for their colorful "Vintas" (traditional outrigger boat)
  • T'nalak - A traditional cloth made by the T'bolis in Lake Sebu, South Cotabato
  • Sarimanok - Legendary bird that has become a ubiquitous symbol of Maranao art
• Classifications of art forms

  • By the Audience - Performing Arts, Visual Arts, Literature, Sculptural
  • By Critics - Major Arts or Fine Arts, Minor Arts or Applied Arts, Pure Art, Practical Art
  • By an Artist - Sight Art, Sound Art, Touch Art
  • Other Classifications - Real Art, Abstract Art
• Major Arts or Fine Arts

  • Music
  • Literature
  • Sculpture
  • Painting
  • Dance
  • Theater
  • Photography
  • Architecture
• Minor Arts or Applied Arts

  • Ceramics
  • Furniture
  • Letterings
• Pure Art


  Created and performed for other's sake and audience satisfaction (e.g. watching movie)
• Practical Art


  With a purpose; for practical use (e.g. chair and table)
• Sight Art


  Something that you can see, imagine, and create (e.g. painting, drawing, mosaic crafting, drafting, stage designing, and graphic designing)
• Sound Art


  Something that you can hear (e.g. prose, poetry, play, and music)
• Real Art


  Something that is understandable, "what you see is what you get", objective and representational (e.g. photography, stage play, dance, sculpture, and architecture)
• Abstract Art


  Non-subject matter, non-representational but technique-focused and style-oriented (e.g. Grey Tree by Piet Mondrian)
• Appropriation


  • Existing artworks that are appropriate to produce another art and to look contemporary
  • Combination of the new and old elements
  • Use of prints, images, and icons to produce another art form
  • Combines past from present and revives interests in existing forms of art
• Performance


  • Emphasize spontaneous elements of chance
  • Interpreting various human activities such as chores, routines, and rituals, to socially relevant themes such as poverty, commercialism, and even war
• Space


  • Arts that transform spaces, for example flash mobs, art installations in malls and parks
• Hybridity


  • Usage of unconventional materials, mixing of unlikely mediums or materials to produce an artwork (e.g. coffee used in painting, and miniature sculptures using crayons)
• Technology


  • Usage of technology in the creation and dissemination of artworks
  • Video phenomenon from MTV to the popular video streaming platform YouTube
  • Recording performances, video posting, sharing, live streaming
• 3 Major Contemporary Art

  • Visual or Space Arts
  • Auditory Arts
  • Combined Arts