agents that cause alteration in the DNA and can lead to permanent mutations in the DNA sequence depending on the ability of an organism to repair the damage.
Mutagens
e type mutation in DNA or RNA wherein one single nucleotide base is deleted, added or altered.
Point Mutation
This can lead to substitution mutation.
Point Mutation
What are the three types of substitution mutation?
Nonsense, Missense, and Silent
a process that involves a permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome
Mutation
Two types of mutation
Chromosomal and Gene
Mutation na nangyari sa Gene mismo, sa nucleotide bases mismo
Gene mutation
Either may nadelete, may na-add, or nasobrahan sa chromose
Chromosomal mutation
A piece or more of nucleotides are lost from the chromosome
Deletion
Segment flips around backwards
Inversion
Part of one chromosome is transferred to another chromosomes
Translocation
how many pairs of chromosome are there
23
what is the first 22 pair of chromosomes called
Autosome
What is 23rd chromosome called
sex chromosome
One chromosome of 21 translocated at the 14th chromosome
Translocation in Down Syndromes
Most of the time down syndrome is because of
Non Disjunction
Failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis
Non Disjunction
Causes gamete to have too many or too few chromosomes
Non Disjunction
Other word for down syndorme
Trisomy 21
Down syndrome is a condition in which a baby is born with an extra chromosome number?
21
Occurs when a gene sequence is repeated
Duplication
homologous
same
taas ng chromosome
p arm
baba ng chromosome
q arm
Shows the whole set of chromosome of an organism
caryotype
Includes the deletion, insertion, or substitution of ONE nucleotide in a gene
Point Mutation
changes the number of DNA bases by removing a piece of DNA
Deletion
changes the number of DNA bases in a gene by adding a piece of DNA