Earthquake

• Is characterized by ground shaking due to sudden slippage of rock formations at or below the surface of the earth.

  Earthquake
• Name the Three Types of Earthquakes.

  Tectonic Earthquake

  Volcanic Earthquake

  Man-made Earthquake
• This type of earthquake refers to the movement or shifting of tectonic plates.

  Tectonic Earthquake
• This type of earthquake is triggered by volcanic activity near the surface.

  Volcanic Earthquake
• This type of earthquake are activities such as mining and detonation of explosives that you can feel with a low range of shaking or usually only tremors.

  Man-made earthquake
• Name the Three Kinds of Shocks.

  Foreshocks

  Main Shocks

  Aftershocks
• This kind of shock is a series of light shakings that occur before the main earthquake.

  Foreshocks
• This kind of shock is a stronger earthquake followed by an aftershocks.

  Main Shocks
• This kind of shock are weaker than the main shocks but it can cause further damages to buildings that were weakened already by foreshocks main shocks.

  Aftershocks
• Give the Three Origins of Earthquakes.

  Focus

  Epicenter

  Fault
• This Origin of Earthquake...

  • is where the rocks undergo breaking or faults
  • The movement of the focus send out the waves of vibration resulting from earthquakes.

  Focus
• This Origin of Earthquake is the point on the surface lying directly above the focus.

  Epicenter
• Name the Two Classification of Earthquakes.

  Based on Depth

  Classification based on strength
• What's inside Based on Depth? (give the three)

  Shallow

  Intermediate

  Depth
• How many km does Shallow have?

  33-55 km depth
• How many km does Intermediate have?

  55-300 km depth
• How many km does Depth have?

  300-700 km depth
• This classification based on strength is too weak to be felt.

  Microseismic
• This classification based on strength is too strong to be felt or to strong to be destructed.

  Macro-seismic
• This is the energy of an earthquake form waves which travel in all directions from the source.

  Seismic Waves
• Name the Two Categories or Groups of Seismic Waves.

  Body waves

  Surface waves
• This category or group of seismic wave are waves that propagate through the entire body.

  Body waves
• Name the two kinds of Body Waves.

  Primary (P) waves

  Secondary (S) waves
• This kind of Body wave...

  • The fastest kind of seismic wave
  • It is also called compressional wave because of its pulling and pushing motion through rocks
  • It can also pass to water and other state of matter.

  Primary (P) wave
• This kind of Body wave...

  • Is the next wave we feel after the shaking of the ground
  • Relatively moves slower than P waves
  • It can only pass through solids and do not travel directly to the earth surface

  Secondary (S) wave
• This category or group of Seismic wave...

  • These waves only travel through the earth’s crust and have a lower frequency than the body waves.
  • Occur only when waves reached already the earth’s exterior due to vibrations

  Surface wave
• What is the movement of P wave?

  sideways
• What is the movement of S wave?

  up and down
• What are the movements of Rayleigh wave?

  sideways

  up and down

  bending

  turning
• Name the two Kinds of Surface Waves.

  Rayleigh Waves

  Love Waves
• This kind of Surface wave...

  • Was named for John William and Lord Rayleigh
  • Wave is through rolling up the ground like waves in the ocean
  • The ground tend to move up and down as well as side to side
  • This kind of wave is what commonly feel  during an earthquake?

  Rayleigh Waves
• This kind of Surface wave...

  • Was named after Agustus Edward Hough Love
  • The wave is faster than the Rayleigh Wave
  • Shake the ground only through horizontal manner?

  Love Waves
• This origin of earthquake means the movement of the rocks along a break in the underlying rocks.

  Fault
• Name the three classifications of fault.

  Dip-slip fault

  Strike-slip fault

  Oblique slip fault
• This classification of fault...

  • This fault moves along the direction of the dip plane
  • It signifies the extension or stretching of the earth’s crust

  Dip-slip fault
• Name the two classifications of dip-slip fault depending on their motion.

  Normal Fault

  Reverse or Thrust Fault
• In Dip-Slip Fault...

  • The fault plane  is nearly vertical
  • This is where the crust is pulled in opposite direction

  Normal Fault
• In Dip-Slip Fault...

  • The movement  is upward as the fault’s two sides move together
  • The crust is being compressed

  Reverse or Thrust Fault
• This classification of fault...

  • The main movement of the blocks along this fault is horizontal
  • Two blocks side past one another

  Strike-slip Fault
• Strike-slip fault can be further describe as:

  Right Lateral (Dextral)

  Left Lateral (Sinistral)