4th

• Political Science


  A social science that deals with systems of governance, and the analysis of political activities, political thoughts, associated constitutions and political behavior
• Subfields of Political Science

  • Comparative politics
  • Political economy
  • International relations
  • Political theory
  • Public administration
  • Public policy
  • Political methodology
• Comparative politics


  The science of comparison and teaching of different types of constitutions, political actors, legislature and associated fields, all of them from an intrastate perspective
• International relations


  Deals with the interaction between nation-states as well as intergovernmental and transnational organizations
• Political theory


  More concerned with contributions of various classical and contemporary thinkers and philosophers
• Approaches in Political Science

  • Positivism
  • Interpretivism
  • Rational choice theory
  • Behaviorism
  • Structuralism
  • Post-structuralism
  • Realism
  • Institutionalism
  • Pluralism
• Methods used in Political Science

  • Primary sources (historical documents, official records)
  • Secondary sources (scholarly journal articles)
  • Survey research
  • Statistical analysis
  • Case studies
  • Experimental research
  • Model building
• Etymology of Political Science

  Comes from the Greek words "polis" (city state in ancient Greece) and "scire" (to know), aiming to know the activities within the state
• Political science, as one of the social sciences, uses methods and techniques that relate to the kinds of inquiries sought
• Political science, possibly like the social sciences as a whole, "as a discipline lives on the fault line between the 'two cultures' in the academy, the sciences and the humanities
• Classical political philosophy is primarily defined by a concern for Hellenic and Enlightenment thought, while political scientists are also marked by a great concern for "modernity" and the contemporary nation state
• Political science


  As a discipline lives on the fault line between the 'two cultures' in the academy, the sciences and the humanities
• In some American colleges where there is no separate School or College of Arts and Sciences per se, political science may be a separate department housed as part of a division or school of Humanities or Liberal Arts
• Classical political philosophy


  • Primarily defined by a concern for Hellenic and Enlightenment thought
• Political scientists


  • Also marked by a great concern for "modernity" and the contemporary nation state, along with the study of classical thought, and as such share a greater deal of terminology with sociologists (e.g. structure and agency)
• Political science


  Aims to know the activities within the state, such as human interaction and conflict, human and state relations, and power distribution
• Important terminologies in political science

  • Political Theory
  • Comparative Politics
  • International Relations
  • Political Behavior
  • Public Policy
  • Public Administration
• Elements of state


  • Government
  • Sovereignty
  • Territory
  • People
• Branches of government (Democratic Republican)


  • Executive
  • Legislative
  • Judicial
• Legislative branch


  Authorized to make laws, alter, and repeal them through the power vested in the Philippine Congress. This institution is divided into the Senate and the House of Representatives.
• Executive branch


  Composed of the President and the Vice President who are elected by direct popular vote and serve a term of six years. The Constitution grants the President authority to appoint his Cabinet. These departments form a large portion of the country's bureaucracy.
• Judicial branch


  Holds the power to settle controversies involving rights that are legally demandable and enforceable. This branch determines whether or not there has been a grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction on the part and instrumentality of the government. It is made up of a Supreme Court and lower courts.
• The Constitution expressly grants the Supreme Court the power of Judicial Review as the power to declare a treaty, international or executive agreement, law, presidential decree, proclamation, order, instruction, ordinance or regulation unconstitutional.
• Aristotle's classification of government

  • Normal form: Monarchy, Aristocracy, Polity
  • Perverted form: Tyranny, Oligarchy, Democracy