QUARTER 3 SCIENCE

• Motion is the activity or process of continually changing position or moving from one place to another.
• Motion is defined as the change in position for a particular time interval.
• Scalar quantity is the quantity that describes magnitude ONLY.
• Vector Quantity is the quantity that describes the magnitude and direction of the object.
• Displacement is the shortest distance between two points on a straight line
• Distance is the length of path traveled by an object
• Distance is the total movement of an object without any regard to any direction.
• Speed is measured in m/s
• Displacement is defined as the change in position of an object.
• Waves are a periodic disturbance that transfers energy through matter or space.
• Waves are a vibration or disturbance in space.
• Most waves move through matter called a medium.
• Medium is the substance that waves travel through and need to have in order to move.
• Which is not a medium?

  A. water

  B. space

  C. air

  D. none

  ans: D
• 2 classification of wave

  Electromagnetic wave and mechanical wave
• Electromagnetic waves are waves that can travel through matter or empty space where matter is not present.
• Radiowaves has rectangular and circular antennas to transmit and receive radio  frequency energy this used for communications.
• “Microwaves get their name from their function which is to create electromagnetic rays, to cook or heat food.
• Infrared waves it is used for short-range communications like remote controls, opticalfibers, security systemsand thermal imaging cameras which detect people in the dark.
• Visible light are the only wavelengths of the electromagnetic

  spectrum that humans can see. Without visible light, our eyes would not be able to see images of anything.
• Ultraviolet rays is a form of non-ionizing radiation that is emitted by the sun.
• X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation used to generate images of

  tissues and structures inside the body.
• Mechanical waves are waves that needs a medium
• Mechanical waves require the particles of the medium to vibrate in order for energy to be transferred.
• Forms of Mechanical Waves

  Water waves

  Earthquake/seismic waves

  Sound waves

  Waves that travel down a rope or spring
• Water waves is the disturbance is in the surface of the water commonly caused, by the wind.
• Earthquake/seismic waves are caused by the sudden movement of materials within the Earth, such as slip along a fault.
• Sound waves are generated by a sound source, such as the vibrating

  diaphragm of a stereo speaker.
• Waves that travel down a rope or spring

  if the rope is stretched out horizontally, the wave travels from one end to the other and is vibrated back-and-forth in a vertical direction.
• Types of Mechanical Waves

  *Transverse waves

  * Longitudinal waves

  *Surface waves
• Transverse waves is a wave that disturbs the particles in the medium

  perpendicular to the direction of the wave's travel.
• Transverse waves can be modelled by moving one

  end of a Slinky up and down.
• Crest is the highest point of a transverse wave
• Trough is the lowest point of a transverse wave
• Longitudinal waves is a wave that disturbs the particles in the medium

  parallel to the direction of the wave’s travel.
• Longitudinal waves can be modelled by moving

  one end of a Slinky back and forth
• Compressions are regions in which the particles are close together.
• Rarefractions are regions in which the particles are spread apart.
• Surface waves is a wave in which particles of the medium undergo a

  circular motion.
• Ocean waves are the best-known example of

  surface waves.