MELC 3 - Data Gathering

• True or False: One of the most interesting parts of research is meeting the respondents and getting information from them.

  True
• True or False: The main role of the researcher is to think which data collection method must be used to have a valid and reliable findings. 

  True
• There are three methods a researcher can use in obtaining the data needed, these are through observation, interview, and questionnaire.
• A technique of gathering data whereby the researchers personally look into, interact, or communicate with the subjects of your research.

  Observation
• The two types of observation are participant observation and non-participant observation.
• Non-Participant Observation is also known as Structured Observation.
• This observation completely detaches you from the target observation, all you need to do is to listen and watch them and have your own checklist.

  Non-participant Observation
• The two methods of observation are the direct observation and the indirect observation.
• This observation method makes you see or listen to everything that happens in the area of observation.

  Direct Observation
• Indirect Observation 


  This method is done by observing traces of past events to get information or a measure of behavior, trait, or quality of your subject.
• Indirect Observation 


  This is also called behavioral archaeology.
• Interview


  It is a data gathering technique that makes you verbally ask the subjects or respondents questions to give answer to what your research study is trying to look for.
• The three types of interview are structured interview, unstructured interview, and semi-structured interview.
• Structured Interview


  This requires the use of an interview schedule or list of questions answerable with one and only item from set of alternative responses.
• Unstructured Interview


  The respondents answer the questions based on what they personally think and feel about it.
• Semi–Structured Interview


  This is a combination of the first two types of interview. 
• In doing an interview, there are three approaches that you can follow; Individual Interview, Group Interview, and Mediated Interview
• Questionnaire


  It is a paper containing a list of questions including the specific place and space in the paper where you write the answers to the questions.
• The two types of questionnaire are postal questionnaire and self-administered questionnaire.
• Postal Questionnaire


  This type of questionnaire goes to the respondent through postal service or electronic mail.
• Self-Administered Questionnaire


  This makes you act as the interviewer and the interviewee at the same time.